Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology, Volume 10

absorption accelerometer angular atoms axis beam carrier chemical circuits components constant coordinate cosmic ray cosmogenic cosmogenic nuclides crystal curve density detector devices Doppler earth effects electron energy equation error excited fiber frequency function GLONASS gyro gyroscope inertial navigation system input integrated circuits interaction laser linear magnetic mass matrix mbar measured mechanical memory ment meteorites meteoroid method micelle microprocessor microwave minerals minicomputers mining mode mode-locked modulation molecular molecules moments of inertia moon motion multiphoton nanocrystalline navigation system neutrino nuclides observed operation optical orbit oscillation output parameters particles phase polar position processor production pseudorange pulse radiation radionuclides resonance Rossby waves rotational sample satellite shown in Fig signal silicon solar space spacecraft spectra spectroscopy spectrum strapdown stratosphere structure surface surfactant technique temperature tion tracks transition two-photon vector velocity vertical vibrational wave waveguide wavelength