An Interdisciplinary Approach to Fracture and Strength of Solids

activation energy alloys aluminium annealed behaviour bending brittle fracture Burgers vector carbon steel cavity cleavage fracture component configuration constant corresponding Cottrell crack initiation crack propagation creep fracture criterion critical cross slip crystal cyclic stress diameter ductile effect elastic endurance limit equation example factor fatigue crack fatigue fracture fatigue limit fatigue strength ferrite Figure fracture strength fracture stress fracture surface frequency grain boundary high temperature inclusions increases induced influence iron and steel length macroscopic material mean stress mechanism metals micro-cracks mild steel modulus notch number of cycles occurs particles Phys plastic deformation plastic flow plastic strain rate process ratio region relationship result screw dislocations Section shear stress slip bands slip plane solid solute atoms specimens static strain ageing strain hardening strain rate stress amplitude stress concentration stress condition stress-strain curve structure tensile stress tension-compression theoretical theory thermal tion torsion upper yield vacancies yield point yield stress Yokobori