ABC of PainLesley A. Colvin, Marie Fallon Chronic pain is a very common problem, impacting on many patients. Assessment and management can be challenging. The ABC of Pain focuses on the pain management issues often encountered in primary care. Covering major chronic pain presentations, such as musculoskeletal pain, low back pain and neuropathic pain, the ABC of Pain also provides guidance on the management of pain in pregnancy, children, older adults, drug dependency and the terminally ill. Beginning with an overview of the epidemiology of chronic pain, pain mechanisms and the assessment of pain, it then provides practical guidance on interventional procedures and methods of effective pain management. The ABC of Pain is a comprehensive, evidence-based reference. It is ideal for GPs, junior doctors, nurse specialists in primary care, palliative care specialists, and also hospital and hospice staff managing chronically and terminally ill patients. |
Contents
Introduction | |
What is Chronic Pain? | |
How Common is Chronic Pain? | |
The Impact of Chronic Pain | |
Factors Associated with Chronic Pain | |
What is the Cost of Chronic Pain? | |
Further reading | |
Introduction | |
Introduction | |
Treating Acute Pain | |
Palliative Care | |
Conclusion | |
Further reading | |
Pain Assessment | |
Analgesia | |
Procedural Pain | |
Basic Pain Pathway | |
Chronic Pain | |
Chronic Changes in Peripheral Sensitisation | |
Summary | |
The Nature of Chronic Pain | |
Medical and Physical Evaluations | |
Psychological Assessment | |
Conclusions | |
Introduction | |
The Anatomy and Physiology of Musculoskeletal Pain | |
A Classification of Musculoskeletal Disease and Pain | |
Regional Pain and the Softtissue Periarticular Disorders | |
Arthritis | |
Fibromyalgia | |
Further reading | |
Introduction | |
Mechanical Dysfunction | |
Guidelines | |
Investigations How Valuable is Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI? | |
Treatment Options | |
Central Sensitivity Syndrome CSS | |
Conclusion | |
Further reading | |
Introduction | |
Epidemiology | |
Mechanisms of Neuropathic Pain | |
Diagnosis | |
Management of Neuropathic Pain | |
Summary | |
Introduction | |
Pathophysiology of Visceral Pain | |
Visceral Pain Assessment | |
Management of Visceral Pain | |
Summary | |
Introduction | |
Assessment | |
Aetiology of Prolonged Pain Following Surgery | |
Risk Factors for the Development of Chronic Pain Following Surgery | |
Can Postoperative Neuropathic Pain be Prevented or Reduced? | |
How is Postoperative Neuropathic Pain Managed? | |
Summary | |
Further reading | |
Introduction | |
History | |
Examination | |
Management Issues | |
Primary Headaches | |
Temporomandibular Disorders TMD | |
Trigeminal Neuralgia | |
Persistent Idiopathic Facial Pain | |
Further resources | |
Introduction | |
Cancer Pain Versus Nonmalignant Pain | |
Assessment | |
Management of Cancer Pain | |
Strategies to Improve Opioid Responsiveness | |
Special Considerations | |
Newer Treatments | |
Chronic Pain | |
Further reading | |
Introduction | |
Evaluation | |
Further reading | |
Introduction | |
Musculoskeletal Problems | |
Gestational Problems | |
Reproductive Organs | |
Chronic Pain and Pregnancy | |
Further Reading | |
Introduction | |
Early Involvement of Psychology in Pain Management | |
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in Pain Management | |
The FearAvoidance Model of Chronic Pain | |
Pain Catastrophising | |
Appraisalbased Models | |
Efficacy of Psychological Therapies for Chronic Pain | |
Summary | |
Further reading | |
Introduction | |
Patient assessment and selection | |
Pharmacological intervention | |
Myofascial trigger point injections | |
Epidural steroid injections | |
Selective nerve root injection | |
Lumbar sympathetic block | |
Intrathecal drug delivery | |
Spinal cord stimulation neuromodulation | |
Summary | |
Introduction | |
Physiotherapy in Acute Injury | |
Electrotherapies | |
Manual Therapies | |
Exercise Therapy | |
Behaviour Modification | |
Conclusion | |
Introduction | |
Techniques and Mechanism of Action | |
Practicalities | |
Contraindications Precautions and Adverse Events | |
References | |
Further reading | |
Introduction | |
Acupuncture | |
Hypnosis | |
Aromatherapy Massage | |
Evidencebased Summary | |
Background | |
The Endogenous Opioid System | |
What is the Evidence for Efficacy? | |
Risks and Benefits of Opioid Therapy | |
Relevance for Clinical Use | |
Pharmacokinetic Aspects and Potential for Drug Interactions | |
Treatment of Opioidinduced Adverse Effects | |
Conclusions | |
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Common terms and phrases
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