Marine Biology: An Ecological Approach |
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Page 52
... PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY Primary productivity is defined as the rate of formation of energy - rich organic compounds from inorganic materials . Primary productivity is thus usually considered synonymous with photosynthesis , but this is not ...
... PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY Primary productivity is defined as the rate of formation of energy - rich organic compounds from inorganic materials . Primary productivity is thus usually considered synonymous with photosynthesis , but this is not ...
Page 53
... production of carbon , or a net primary production . The compensation depth varies over the world's oceans because it is depen- dent upon the clarity of the water . The clearer the water , the greater the light penetration and the ...
... production of carbon , or a net primary production . The compensation depth varies over the world's oceans because it is depen- dent upon the clarity of the water . The clearer the water , the greater the light penetration and the ...
Page 391
... Primary Production ( tons of organic carbon ) Trophic Levels Efficiency Fish Production ( tons , fresh weight ) Oceanic 16.3 × 109 5 10 16 × 105 Coastal 3.6 × 109 3 Upwelling 0.1 × 109 1/2 20 500 15 12 × 107 12 × 107 Total 24 × 107 ...
... Primary Production ( tons of organic carbon ) Trophic Levels Efficiency Fish Production ( tons , fresh weight ) Oceanic 16.3 × 109 5 10 16 × 105 Coastal 3.6 × 109 3 Upwelling 0.1 × 109 1/2 20 500 15 12 × 107 12 × 107 Total 24 × 107 ...
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abundant adaptations algae algal amount amphipods anemones areas Atlantic bacteria barnacles benthic biology body bottom burrow carnivores changes Cnidaria communities competition copepods coral reef crabs crustaceans deep sea density deposit feeders depth desiccation detritus diatoms dinoflagellates dominant ecology ecosystems eggs epipelagic estuary fauna feeding Figure fishes fresh water grazing hence herbivores increased invertebrates kelp kelp beds large numbers larvae layers levels light living low tide major marine mammals marsh mesopelagic migrate mollusks Mytilus nekton number of species numbers nutrients occur ocean oxygen Pacific coast particles patterns pelagic percent Photo courtesy photophores photosynthesis physical factors phytoplankton plankton plants Plate polychaete population predators primary productivity reduced result rocky shores salinity salt sand beaches sea grass sea urchins sea water sediment shallow water squids substrate surface waters suspension feeders temperate temperature terrestrial thermocline tropical tuna upper various vertical water column water mass wave action whales zonation zone zooplankton zooxanthellae