Solid-State Physics: An Introduction to Principles of Materials Science ; with 100 ProblemsThis new edition of the well-received introduction to solid-state physics provides a comprehensive overview of the basic theoretical and experimental concepts of materials science. Experimental aspects and laboratory details are highlighted in separate panels that enrich text and emphasize recent developments. Notably, new material in the third edition includes sections on important devices, aspects of non- periodic structures of matter, phase transitions, defects, superconductors and nanostructures. Students will benefit significantly from solving the exercises given at the end of each chapter. This book is intended for university students in physics, materials science and electrical engineering. This edition has been thoroughly updated to maintain its usefulness as modern text and reference. |
Contents
Chemical Bonding in Solids | 1 |
12 Covalent Bonding | 4 |
13 Ionic Bonding | 9 |
14 Metallic Bonding | 13 |
15 The Hydrogen Bond | 15 |
Problems | 16 |
Structure of Solid Matter | 21 |
21 The Crystal Lattice | 22 |
87 Antiferromagnetism | 211 |
88 Spin Waves | 215 |
Problems | 219 |
Magnetostatic Spin Waves | 221 |
Surface Magnetism | 227 |
Motion of Electrons and Transport Phenomena | 231 |
92 Currents in Bands and Holes | 235 |
93 Scattering of Electrons in Bands | 237 |
22 Point Symmetry | 25 |
23 The 32 Crystal Classes Point Groups | 27 |
24 The Significance of Symmetry | 28 |
25 Simple Crystal Structures | 31 |
26 Phase Diagrams of Alloys | 36 |
27 Defects in Solids | 45 |
Problems | 48 |
Diffraction from Periodic Structures | 51 |
32 Periodic Structures and the Reciprocal Lattice | 57 |
33 The Scattering Conditions for Periodic Structures | 58 |
34 The Bragg Interpretation of the Laue Condition | 60 |
35 Brillouin Zones | 63 |
36 The Structure Factor | 64 |
37 Methods of Structure Analysis | 67 |
Problems | 70 |
Diffraction Experiments with Various Particles | 72 |
XRay Interferometry and XRay Topography | 79 |
Dynamics of Atoms in Crystals | 85 |
41 The Potential | 86 |
42 The Equation of Motion | 87 |
43 The Diatomic Linear Chain | 88 |
44 Scattering from TimeVarying Structures Phonon Spectroscopy | 93 |
45 Elastic Properties of Crystals | 96 |
Problems | 106 |
Raman Spectroscopy | 109 |
Thermal Properties | 115 |
52 The Thermal Energy of a Harmonic Oscillator | 118 |
53 The Specific Heat Capacity | 120 |
54 Effects Due to Anharmonicity | 122 |
55 Thermal Expansion | 123 |
56 Heat Conduction by Phonons | 127 |
Problems | 131 |
Experiments at Low Temperatures | 133 |
Free Electrons in Solids | 137 |
61 The FreeElectron Gas in an Infinite Square Well Potential | 138 |
62 The Fermi Gas at T0 K | 142 |
63 Fermi Statistics | 144 |
64 The Specific Heat Capacity of Electrons in Metals | 147 |
65 Electrostatic Screening in a Fermi Gas The Mott Transition | 152 |
66 Thermionic Emission of Electrons from Metals | 154 |
Problems | 158 |
The Electronic Bandstructure of Solids | 161 |
72 The Nearly FreeElectron Approximation | 165 |
73 The TightBinding Approximation | 169 |
74 Examples of Bandstructures | 175 |
75 The Density of States | 179 |
76 Density of States in NonCrystalline Solids | 181 |
Problems | 184 |
Photoemission Spectroscopy | 186 |
Magnetism | 191 |
82 The Exchange Interaction | 196 |
83 Exchange Interaction Between Free Electrons | 199 |
84 The Band Model of Ferromagnetism | 201 |
85 The Temperature Behavior of a Ferromagnet in the Band Model | 205 |
86 Ferromagnetic Coupling for Localized Electrons | 209 |
94 The Boltzmann Equation and Relaxation Time | 241 |
95 The Electrical Conductivity of Metals | 245 |
96 Thermoelectric Effects | 251 |
97 The WiedemannFranz Law | 254 |
98 Electrical Conductivity of Localized Electrons | 256 |
Problems | 258 |
Quantum Oscillations and the Topology of Fermi Surfaces | 260 |
Superconductivity | 267 |
102 Phenomenoiogical Description by Means of the London Equations | 272 |
103 Instability of the Fermi Sea and Cooper Pairs | 275 |
104 The BCS Ground State | 280 |
105 The Excitation Spectrum of a Superconductor | 288 |
106 Consequences of the BCS Theory and Comparison with Experimental Results | 293 |
107 Supercurrents and Critical Currents | 297 |
108 Coherence of the BCS Ground State and the MeissnerOchsenfeld Effect | 300 |
109 Quantization of Magnetic Flux | 305 |
1010 Type II Superconductors | 309 |
1011 HighTemperature Superconductors | 316 |
Problems | 325 |
OneElectron Tunneling in Superconductor Junctions | 328 |
CooperPair Tunneling The Josephson Effect | 338 |
Dielectric Properties of Materials | 347 |
112 Absorption of Electromagnetic Radiation | 350 |
113 The Dielectric Function for a Harmonic Oscillator | 353 |
114 Longitudinal and Transverse Normal Modes | 355 |
115 Surface Waves on a Dielectric | 358 |
116 Reflectivity of a Dielectric HalfSpace | 360 |
117 The Local Field | 361 |
118 The Polarization Catastrophe and Ferroelectrics | 363 |
119 The FreeElectron Gas | 365 |
1110 Interband Transitions | 367 |
1111 Excitons | 374 |
1112 Dielectric Energy Losses of Electrons | 376 |
Problems | 379 |
Spectroscopy with Photons and Electrons | 383 |
Infrared Spectroscopy | 386 |
The Frustrated Total Reflection Method | 389 |
Semiconductors | 391 |
121 Data for a Number of Important Semiconductors | 392 |
122 Charge Carrier Density in Intrinsic Semiconductors | 396 |
123 Doping of Semiconductors | 400 |
124 Carrier Densities in Doped Semiconductors | 404 |
125 Conductivity of Semiconductors | 409 |
and the MetalSemiconductor Schottky Contact | 415 |
127 Semiconductor Heterostructures and Superlattices | 431 |
128 Important Semiconductor Devices | 444 |
Problems | 458 |
The Hall Effect | 461 |
Cyclotron Resonance in Semiconductors | 464 |
Shubnikovde Haas Oscillations and Quantum Hall Effect | 467 |
Semiconductor Epitaxy | 476 |
References | 483 |
| 495 | |
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Solid-State Physics: An Introduction to Principles of Materials Science Harald Ibach,Hans Lüth Limited preview - 2013 |
Common terms and phrases
absorption approximation atoms axis band edge band gap bandstructure BCS ground BCS theory beam bonding Brillouin zone Calculate carriers charge concentration conduction band conductor constant Cooper pairs corresponding crystal cubic derivative described dielectric diffraction donor doping effective mass elastic elec electric field electrons and holes energy levels excitation experimental external field Fermi energy Fermi level ferromagnetic flux frequency function GaAs gap energy integral interaction ionic ionized k-space laser layer linear magnetic field material measured metal molecule nearest neighbors normal obtain occupied one-electron optical orbitals oscillator p-n junction Panel particle perpendicular phase phonons Phys plane polarization position potential properties quantum reciprocal lattice region sample scattering Schrödinger equation Sect semiconductor shown in Fig so-called solid space-charge zone spatial specific heat spectrum Springer structure superconductor symmetry tion transition trons tunnel unit cell valence band velocity voltage wave vector wavefunction X-ray