ditions with the Getæ which we have related. But as soon as he returned, he married his son Agathocles to Lysandra the daughter of Ptolemy Lagus and Eurydice; and afterwards passed over into Asia with a fleet; and having taken the kingdom of Antigonus, built that city near the sea which the Ephesians now inhabit, and brought into it the Lebedians and Colophonians, whose cities he had taken. And the capture of these cities is lamented by Phœnix, a writer of Iambic verses. But I do not think that Hermésianax, the elegiac poet, was alive at that time; for he would certainly in some of his writings have bewailed the capture of Colophon. Lysimachus likewise made war upon Pyrrhus the son of acides. For observing his frequent absence from Epirus, he both laid waste the rest of the country, and came to the sepulchres of the kings of Epirus. Hieronymus Cardan adds, which I cannot believe to be true, that Lysimachus, having dug out of the earth the remains of the dead, scattered the royal bones. But Hieronymus may be supposed to have written this in consequence of his aversion to all kings except Antigonus, whom he celebrates with praises which are by no means his due. Indeed, it must be obvious to every one, that this report concerning the tombs of the kings is nothing more than a calumny. For who can believe that a Macedonian would violate the sepulchres of the kings of Epirus? To which we may add, that Lysimachus would doubtless be cautious in his conduct with respect to the dead bodies, not only of the ancestors of Pyrrhus, but of Alexander; since Alexander descended on his mother's side from Epirus, and consequently from the acidæ. Besides, not long after an alliance took place between Pyrrhus and Lysimachus, which evinces that no implacable hatred of each other was produced by the war. But Hieronymus, perhaps, had causes of complaint against Lysimachus,

and this for the greatest, that Lysimachus, having rased the city of the Cardianians, built Lysimachia instead of it, in the isthmus of the Thracian Chersonesus.

CHAPTER X.

BUT Lysimachus, as long as Aridæus reigned, and after him Cassander and his children, remained in friendship with the Macedonians; but when Demetrius the son of Antigonus obtained the government, Lysimachus, fearing that he should be warred upon by Demetrius, thought proper to commence hostilities himself, well knowing that the desire of increasing his kingdom was hereditary to Demetrius from his father; and at the same time perceiving that he had departed into Macedonia, being called by Alexander the son of Cassander, and that finding him dead on his arrival he had taken possession of the Macedonian government, on this account he ventured to engage with Demetrius at Amphipolis, but had well nigh through this engagement lost the possession of Thrace. However, being assisted by Pyrrhus, he both retained his kingdom, and afterwards ruled over the Nestians and Macedonians. For Pyrrhus possessed a great part of Macedonia; but coming with an army from Epirus, he assisted Lysimachus for the present. But Demetrius departing into Asia against Seleucus, as long as Demetrius was formidable in war, Pyrrhus was the associate of Lysimachus in battle. But when Demetrius was taken captive by Seleucus, the friendship of Lysimachus and Pyrrhus was dissolved. Hence war being announced on both sides, Lysimachus vanquished in a great battle Antigonus the son of Demetrius, and Pyrrhus himself; took possession of the whole of Macedonia, and forced Pyrrhus to return to Epirus.

But many calamities befall men through love. For Lysimachus, now advanced in years, and being considered as fortunate with respect to his children, Agathocles likewise having children from Lysandra, notwithstanding all this, married Arsinoe the sister of Lysandra; and she fearing lest her children on the death of Lysimachus should be in the power of Agathocles, is said on this account to have formed stratagems against the life of Agathocles. It is also asserted by some, that Arsinoe fell in love with Agathocles, and that he not complying with her desires, she plotted his death. They report likewise, that Lysimachus afterwards perceived the daring wickedness of the woman; but that then he was incapable of doing any thing farther, in consequence of being deprived of all his friends. Lysimachus, therefore, having destroyed Agathocles through the persuasions of Arsinoe, Lysandra fled to Seleucus, and carried her sons and brothers with her, who, surrounded with such a calamity, took refuge with Ptolemy. But Alexander attended these in their flight to Seleucus. This Alexander was indeed the son of Lysimachus, but by his wife Odrysiades. These, when they came to Babylon, suppliantly entreated Seleucus to make war upon Lysimachus. And at the same time Philetarus, to whose care all the wealth of Lysimachus was entrusted, grievously bearing the death of Agathocles, and thinking himself on this account suspected by Arsinoe, seized upon Pergamus above Caycus, and, sending an ambassador, gave both the wealth in his possession and himself up to Seleucus.

But Lysimachus being informed of all these particulars, immediately passed over into Asia, and began himself the war; but engaging with Seleucus, his army was vanquished with a great loss, and he lost his life in the battle. Lysandra having obtained his dead body with much entreaty, Alexander the son of Lysimachus by Odrysiades

carried it away, and afterwards buried it in Chersonesus. And there, even now, his sepulchre is to be seen between the street Cardia and Pactya. And such are the particulars respecting Lysimachus.

CHAPTER XI.

BUT at Athens there is an image of Pyrrhus, who has no other alliance with Alexander, except that of being descended from the same ancestors. For Pyrrhus was the son of Æacides Arybbas; but Alexander was the son of Olympias the daughter of Neoptolemus. And Alcetas the son of Tharypus was the father of Neoptolemus and Arybbas. But from Tharypus to Pyrrhus the son of Achilles, fifteen generations intervene. For he first of all after the destruction of Troy, disdaining to return into Thessaly, drove to Epirus, and there took up his abode, in compliance with the admonition of the seer Helenus. This Pyrrhus had no children by Hermione; but by Andromache he had three sons, Molossus, Pielus, and Pergamus, who was the youngest of all. But Andromache bore to Helenus Cestrinus, Helenus having married her after the death of Pyrrhus at Delphi. But when Helenus, dying, left his kingdom to Molossus the son of Pyrrhus, Cestrinus, collecting together a band of Epirots, took possession of that region which is situated above the river Thyamis. Pergamus, however, passing into Asia, slew Arius, who ruled in Teuthrania, and who in a single contest strove with him for the possession of the empire; and besides this, he called the cities which even now remain, by his own name and that of Andromache; for Andromache followed her son, and there is yet an heroic monument of them to be seen in the city.

Pielus however remained in Epirus, to whom rather than to Molossus, Pyrrhus the son of Æacides, and his fathers, refer their origin. But the empire of Epirus remained in the possession of one king, till Alcetas and Tharypus; for the sons of Alcetas, disagreeing among themselves, did not reign with mutual concord, till they had made an equal partition of the kingdom to each other. But afterwards Alexander the son of Neoptolemus dying in Lucania, and Olympias through fear of Antipater returning to Epirus, Æacides the son of Arybbas accomplished as well other things in compliance with Olympias, as likewise assisted her with his forces in carrying on a war against Aridæus and the Macedonians; and this, though the inhabitants of Epirus were repugnant to his designs. Olympias, obtaining the victory, was guilty of great cruelty with respect to the death of Aridæus, and was still more impiously cruel towards the Macedonians; and on this account she cannot be thought to have been punished undeservedly afterwards by Cassander. Her hatred, indeed, prevented Æacides in the beginning from being received into the kingdom by the Epirots; and when he had found out the means of living in friendly terms with them for a time, Cassander again opposed his coming to Epirus. But a battle ensuing between Philip the brother of Cassander and acides, near Oeniadæ, Æacides died not long after of a wound which he had received in the engagement. The Epirots after this permitted Alcetas to reign, who was the son of Arybbas, and the elder brother of acides; a man incapable of restraining his anger, and on this account ejected by his father. Such, indeed, was his impotence with respect to curbing his rage, that he had no sooner obtained the kingdom than his fury broke out upon the Epirots, who, in consequence of this, making an insurrection in the night, slew both him and his sons.