Mechanism and Theory in Organic Chemistry |
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Page 144
... ionization constants of 46 and 47,30 respectively , and Ko is the ionization constant of unsubstituted benzoic acid . Electron - withdrawing substituents increase the ionization constant and thus have positive σ values . Electron ...
... ionization constants of 46 and 47,30 respectively , and Ko is the ionization constant of unsubstituted benzoic acid . Electron - withdrawing substituents increase the ionization constant and thus have positive σ values . Electron ...
Page 336
... ionizing power — that is , it indicates the degree to which the substrate under- goes unassisted ionization . The parameters k , and k80 % EtOH are the rates of sol- ks = mY k80 % EtOH ( 4.17 ) volysis of the substrate of interest in ...
... ionizing power — that is , it indicates the degree to which the substrate under- goes unassisted ionization . The parameters k , and k80 % EtOH are the rates of sol- ks = mY k80 % EtOH ( 4.17 ) volysis of the substrate of interest in ...
Page 383
... ionization and nucleophilic attack in an Sμl reaction . If we assume that the ionization step is rate determining , studies of changes of rates of substitution , of a - deuterium isotope ef- fects , etc. , with changes in structure can ...
... ionization and nucleophilic attack in an Sμl reaction . If we assume that the ionization step is rate determining , studies of changes of rates of substitution , of a - deuterium isotope ef- fects , etc. , with changes in structure can ...
Contents
THE COVALENT BOND | 1 |
Molecular Orbital Theory | 87 |
SOME FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL | 127 |
Copyright | |
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acetic acid-base acidity function addition alkene alkyl American Chemical Society anion Arnett aromatic atomic orbitals atoms base Brønsted C-X bond carbanion carbon carbonyl catalysis cation CH₂ CH3 CH3 charge Chem coefficients compounds configuration conjugate conjugate acid Copyright correlation delocalized diagram dissociation double bond electron electrophilic equilibrium constant example Figure free energy gas-phase H H H H₂O HOMO hydrogen interaction intermediate ion pair ionization isotope effect Jencks k₁ kcal kcal mol¹ kinetic kJ mol¯¹ leaving group LUMO mechanism methyl mol-¹ molecular orbitals molecule nucleophile occur Olah Organic Chemistry oxygen parameters phenyl Phys potential energy proton proton transfer racemic rate constant rate-determining ratio reactants reaction coordinate reactive rearrangement relative resonance ring Scheme Schleyer shown in Equation solution solvation solvent solvolysis stabilization steric Streitwieser structure substituents substitution substrate symmetry Table tion tosylate transition values vibrational Wiley Winstein York