The Pathogenic Enteric Protozoa:: Giardia, Entamoeba, Cryptosporidium and CyclosporaCharles R. Sterling, Rodney D. Adam Giardia duodenalis (=G. lamblia), Entamoeba histolytica, Cryptosporidium parvum and Cyclospora cayetanensis are more than just a mouthful for most who might encounter them. These protozoan parasitic agents contribute significantly to the staggering caseload of diarrheal disease morbidity encountered in developing world nations. Compounding the issue of their mere presence is the fact that standard ova and parasite exams frequently do not detect these infections. Detectable stages may be shed intermittently or require specialized staining procedures. Added to this is the often large number of asymptomatic carriers who serve as reservoirs for infecting others. These parasites are also not strangers to more developed nations, having responsibility for both small and large-scale disease outbreaks. In such settings they may be even more difficult to detect simply because they are frequently overlooked in the grand scheme of disease causing possibilities. They share common features; all are Protozoa, all possess trophic stages that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract, all have the ability to produce disease and in some instances death, and all produce environmentally stable cysts or oocysts, which ensure their transmissibility. In other ways, these organisms are profoundly different. Giardia is a flagellate that inhabits the gut lumen in close association with enterocytes. Entamoeba is an amoeba that preferentially inhabits the mucosal region of the gut lumen, but which may, under certain circumstances, become invasive. Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora are obligate intracellular coccidians, each taking up a unique niche within their respective host enterocytes. |
Contents
Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar the nonidentical | 14 |
Epidemiology and strain variation of Cryptosporidium | 27 |
An emergent and still perplexing | 43 |
Host parasite interactions | 59 |
Pathogenesis and immunity to Entamoeba histolytica | 74 |
cryptosporidiosis | 91 |
Treatment and Control | 102 |
Other editions - View all
The Pathogenic Enteric Protozoa:: Giardia, Entamoeba, Cryptosporidium and ... Charles R. Sterling,Rodney D. Adam No preview available - 2014 |
The Pathogenic Enteric Protozoa:: Giardia, Entamoeba, Cryptosporidium and ... Charles R. Sterling,Rodney D. Adam No preview available - 2004 |
Common terms and phrases
alleles ameba amebiasis animals antigenic variation apicomplexan Biochemical Parasitology biological Casemore Clinical Microbiology contamination cryptosporidiosis Cryptosporidium oocysts Cryptosporidium parvum Cryptosporidium parvum infection Cyclospora cayetanensis cyclosporiasis cysteine cysts cytokines detection developing diagnosis diarrhea differences drug duodenalis encoding Entamoeba dispar Entamoeba histolytica enzymes epidemiology Eukaryotic Eukaryotic Microbiology expression Fayer filter Gal/GalNAc lectin genetic genome genotypes Giardia and Cryptosporidium Giardia cysts Giardia lamblia giardiasis gondii Haque Herwaldt histolytica infection host human identified immune response Immunology inactivation Infection and Immunity Infectious Diseases intestinal intracellular isolates Journal American Water Journal of Clinical Journal of Eukaryotic Journal of Infectious Journal of Parasitology lectin lymphocytes method mice Microbiology Molecular and Biochemical monitoring nitazoxanide oocysts organisms Ortega outbreak parasite Parasitology paromomycin pathogen patients protein proteinases protozoan protozoan parasites public health Research role samples sequence species studies subunit Tannich therapy Thompson transmission trophozoites Tropical Medicine vitro vsp genes W.A. Petri waterborne Xiao zoonotic