Bowdoin Streets, were laid out through of Father Miller's Tabernacle, stands upon it. Then follows the one-and-ahalf-acre pasture of the heirs of the Reverend John Cotton, second minister of the First Church, extending from Howard Street to Pemberton Square, which constitutes a large portion of that enclosure. And lastly, proceeding southerly, comes the four-acre pasture of William Phillips, extending from the southeasterly corner of Pemberton Square to the point of beginning, and enclosing the largest portion of that enclosure. The Hotel Pavilion, the Suffolk Savings Bank, and Houghton and Dutton's stores, stand upon it.

it. The Independent Baptist Church,
formerly under the pastorship of the
Reverend Thomas Paul; the First
Methodist Episcopal Church, built in
1835 by the parish of Grace Church,
under the rectorship of the Reverend
Thomas M. Clark, now bishop of the
diocese of Rhode Island; the Mission
Chapel of St. John the Evangelist,
which was erected in 1830 by the
congregation of the Reverend Lyman
Beecher, just after the destruction of
their edifice by fire, which stood at the
southeast corner of Hanover and (new)
Washington Streets, stand upon it.
Next comes the four-acre pasture of
Charles Bulfinch, the architect of the
Capitol at Washington, also of the
Massachusetts Capitol, Faneuil Hall,
and other public buildings, and for
fourteen years chairman of the board
of selectmen of the town of Boston,
extending from Bowdoin Street to Bul-
finch Street, and from Bowdoin Square
to Ashburton Place, for which he paid
two hundred pounds, New-England
currency, equivalent to six hundred and
Street
sixty-seven dollars. Bulfinch
and Bulfinch Place were laid out
through it. The Revere House, for
merly the mansion of Kirk Boott, one
of the founders of the city of Lowell;
Bulfinch-place Church, which occupies
the site of the Central Universalist
Church, erected in 1822 by the con-
gregation of the Reverend Paul Dean;
and also Mount Vernon Church,
erected in 1842 by the congregation
over which the Reverend Edward N.
Kirk presided, stand upon it. Then
follows the two-acre pasture of Cyprian
Southack, extending to Tremont Row
easterly, and westerly to Somerset
Street. Stoddard Street and Howard
Street were laid out through it. The
Howard Athenæum, formerly the site

Less than a century ago Charles River flowed at high tide from the southeast corner of Cambridge Street and Anderson Street across intervening streets to Beacon Street, up which it flowed one hundred and forty-three feet easterly across Charles Street to No. 61. When Mr. John Bryant dug the cellar for that building he came to the natural beach, with its rounded pebbles, at the depth of three or four feet below the surface. It also flowed over the Public Garden, across the southern portion of the parade-ground, to the foot of the hill, upon which stands the Soldiers' MonuA son of H. G. Otis was ment. drowned, about seventy years ago, in a quagmire which existed at that spot. It also flowed across the westerly portion of Boylston Street and Tremont Street, and Shawmut Avenue, to the corner of Washington Street and Groton Street, where stood the fortifications during the American Revolution, across the Neck, which was only two hundred and fifty feet in width at that point, and thence to the boundary of Roxbury. A beach existed where now is Charles Street, and the lower part of Cambridge Street, on both sides, was a marsh.

Less than a century ago, land on

Beacon Hill was as cheap as public ward compelled by the town to fence

in his vacant land, he conveyed back to the town, for thirty pounds, all but the six-acre lot at the corner of Beacon and Spruce Streets, and extending westerly to Charles River, and northerly to Pinckney Street, where he lived until 1635, when he removed to Rhode Island, and founded the town which bears his name.

documents. Ministers are enjoined not
to be worldly minded, and not to be
given to filthy lucre. But the Reverend
James Allen would furnish an excellent
pattern for a modern real-estate specu-
lator. In addition to his pasture
on the south side of Cambridge Street,
he had also a twenty-acre pasture on
the north side of that street, between
Chambers Street and Charles River,
extending to Poplar Street, for which he
paid one hundred and forty pounds,
New-England currency, equivalent to
four hundred and sixty-seven dollars,
equal to twenty-three dollars per acre.
He was thus the proprietor of all the
territory from Pinckney Street to Poplar
Street, between Joy Street and Chambers
Street on the east, and Grove Street
and Charles River on the west; for
which he paid the magnificent sum of
nine hundred and sixty-seven dollars!
It was called "Allen's Farm." The
Capitol lot, containing ninety-five
thousand square feet, was bought by
the town of Boston of John Hancock
(who, though a devoted patriot to the
American cause, yet in all his busi-
ness transactions had an eye to profit),
for the sum of thirteen thousand
three hundred and thirty-three dollars;
only twenty times as much as he gave
for it! The town afterward conveyed it
to the Commonwealth for five shillings,
upon condition that it should be used
for a Capitol. In 1846, the city of
Boston paid one hundred and forty-five
thousand one hundred and seven dollars
for the reservoir lot containing thirty-
seven thousand four hundred and eighty-
eight square feet. In 1633, the town
granted to William Blackstone fifty acres
of land wherever he might select. He
accordingly selected upon the south-
westerly slope of Beacon Hill, which
included the Common. Being after- to come.

It will thus be perceived that the portion of Beacon Hill, included between Beacon Street, Beaver Street, Cambridge Street, Bowdoin Square, Court Street, Tremont Row, and Tremont Street, containing about seventythree acres, was sold, less than a century ago, at prices ranging from twenty-two to nine hundred dollars per acre, aggregating less than thirty thousand dollars. It now comprises the ninth ward of the city of Boston, and contains within its limits a real estate valuation of sixteen millions of dollars. Its name and fame are associated with important events and men prominent in American annals. Upon its slopes have dwelt Josiah Quincy, of ante- Revolutionary fame, and his son and namesake of civic fame; and also his grandson and namesake, and Edmund, equally distinguished; Lemuel Shaw, Robert G. Shaw, Daniel Webster, Abbott Lawrence, Samuel, Nathan, and William Appleton, Samuel T. Armstrong, Mrs. Harrison Gray Otis, J. Lothrop Motley, William H. Prescott, Charles Sumner, John A. Andrew, John C. Warren, Mrs. Sarah J. Hale, Lyman Beecher, William E. Channing, and Hosea Ballou. Lafayette made it his temporary home in 1824, and Kossuth in 1852. During the present century, the laws of Massachusetts have been enacted upon and promulgated from its summit, and will probably continue so to be for ages

THE

GRANITE MONTHLY.

A NEW HAMPSHIRE MAGAZINE.

Devoted to Literature, Biography, History, and State Progress.

AUGUST, 1886.

COLONEL JOSEPH WENTWORTH.

BY JOHN N. MCCLINTOCK, A. M.