Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology, Volume 8

absorption approximation asbestos astronomy atmosphere atomic background Banach space become boundary called cause chemical clouds collision concentration cosmic rays cross detection determined developed direction distribution dust effects electron elements emission emitted energy equation example excited exists fiber field flame flow flux function galaxies given ground heat height important increases infrared interaction interstellar known layer levels light limit lines mass material mean measurements mixing molecular momentum natural objects observed obtained occur operators orbital particles physical planets plume positive possible problem produced properties radiation range reactions region relatively result sample scale shows signal solar sound space spectral spectrum spline stars stellar structure surface techniques telescope temperature theory tion turbulence unit University usually values vertical wave wavelength wind