vania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North-Carolina, South-Carolina, and Georgia. All these, Vermont excepted, were formed during the revolution. The western states which have been erected since the revolution, are Kentucky, Tennessee, and Ohio. The country west of Georgia and south of Tennessee, is called the Missisippi Territory, and governed by a special ordinance of Congress

NEW-HAMPSHIRE.

Of the Situation of New-Hampshire. New-Hampshire whose name is derived from a county in England, from whence many of its first inhabitants came, is comprehended between forty-two degrees forty-one minutes, and forty five degrees, thirty minutes, of north latitude; and between seventy degrees, forty minutes, and seventy-two degrees, twenty-eight minutes, of west longitude from Greenwich.

Of its Bounds. The south line of New-Hampshire, adjacent to Massachusetts, runs three miles north of the Merrimac, to a point north of Patucket falls, and thence due west to the Connecticut. Its west boundary is the western side of Connecticut, which separates it from Vermont. On the north, it is bounded by the north line of the United States, and adjacent to Canada. Its eastern boundary is the Atlantic and the Piscataway to its source; then a line running two degrees west of north to Canada, and dividing it from Maine.

Of its Extent. The length of New-Hampshire, from south to north, is one hundred and sixty-eight miles. Its utmost breadth, from east to west, is ninety miles. The state contains somewhat more than six millions of acres of surface, about one hundred thousand of which, are covered with water.

Of its Counties and Towns. This state is divided into six counties-Rockingham, Strafford, Hillsborough, Cheshire, Grafton and Cohos. It contains nearly two hundred incorporated townships, besides other districts called locations. The Chief towns are Portsmouth,

Exeter, Concord, Amherst, Keene, Charlestown, Walpole, Haverhill, and Plymouth.

Of Portsmouth. Portsmouth, the largest town in New-Hampshire, and a seat of the courts in Rockingham county, is situated on the south bank of the Piscataway, about two miles from the sea, sixty-three miles north-east of Boston, in latitude 43. 5. north. It is the only commercial town and sea port in the state, and is a place of considerable trade. Its buildings are chiefly of wood, and a large quarter of the town was laid in ashes by a fire in December 1802. Its public buildings are a court-house, a market-house, a bank. a workhouse, three congregational churches, one episcopal, and one for universalists-Its inhabitants in 1800 were five thousand three hundred and forty. In this town are two banks.

Of Exeter. Exeter lies upon the Swamscot, a branch of the Pascataway, at the falls, fifteen miles south-west of Portsmouth. It is one of the seats of the courts in Rockingham, contains a court-house, a jail, two congregational churches, a handsome academy and a bank. It lies at the head of navigation, contains a number of mills, and is remarkable for ship-building Its inhabitants by the census of the year 1800 were seventeen hundred and thirty.

Of Concord. Concord is a handsome town, on the west bank of the Merrimac, about fifty-five miles northwesterly from Portsmouth. It contains a congregational church and an academy, and is the seat of gov. ernment. Just below the town is an elegant toll bridge across the Merrimac. In the year 1800, the inhabitants were two thousand and fifty.

Of other considerable Towns, Amherst, the shire town of Hillsborough county, on a branch of Souhegan river, sixty miles west of Portsmouth, contained in the year 1800, two thousand, one hundred and fifty inhabitants, and an academy. Keene, in Cheshire county, contained in the year 1800, sixteen hundred and fifty inhabitants, and has a bank. Charlestown. on the Connecticut, in the same year, contained thirteen hundred and sixty inhabitants. Walpole, in the same year, con

tained seventeen hundred and fifty inhabitants. Plymouth a seat of the courts in Grafton county, on Baker's river at its junction with the Pemigewasset, forty-five miles north of Concord, contained in the year 1800, seven hundred and fifty inhabitants Hanover, the seat of Dartmouth college, contained in the same year, nineteen hundred and twenty inhabitants. At this place is a bridge over the Connecticut, consisting of a single arch of one hundred and forty feet chord. At the falls in Walpole, there is also a bridge over this river. Haverhill on the Connecticut, is a considerable town and has a bank.

Of the General Face of the Country. The state of New-Hampshire, like all the northern region of the United States, is hilly or mountainous; except some plains and marshes on the sea shore or the banks of rivers. The meadows and intervales are of a rich mold, and free from stones; but the soil of the upland is gravel, sandy loam, clay or a mixture.

Of the Chief Mountains. A range of mountains runs between the Connecticut and Merrimac ; beginning with the Monadnock, near the south line of the state, and running north, it is distinguished by the Sunnapee and Mooshelock or Moosehilloc, and finally it terminates in the most lofty elevations in New-England, the White Mountains. There are other mountains on the east of the Merrimac, but less elevated,

Of the chief Rivers. The Connecticut washes the west border of the state; the Merrimac penetrates a considerable part of it from north to south, and with its tributary streams, waters the interior of the state. The Pascataway, with its tributary streams, waters the eastern part of the state; the Sauco and Androscoggin the northern parts.

Of the Ponds and Lakes. Winipisiogy lake, twenty two miles in length; Umbagog in the northern part of the state; Squam, Sunnapay, and great Ossapy, are the principal bodies of standing water; but the smaller ponds are numerous.

Of the Population The number of inhabitants in New-Hampshire in the year 1767, was estimated at fif

ty two thousand- in 1775, at eighty two thousandand by actual enumeration in 1790, the number wa one hundred and forty-two thousand. In 1800, the number had increased to one hundred and eighty-four thousand

Of the Exports. The chief articles of export an ships, lumber, fish, beef, pork and other provision horses, pot and pearl ashes, and flax-seed. Ship buil ding has always been the employment of the towns o the Pascataway and its branches. Lumber and fish are carried to the West-Indies, Spain, or the Azorei and Canaries; horses, beef and pork to the West-Indies; pot and pearl ashes to Great-Britain, and flar seed to Ireland.

Of the course of Trade before the War. Before the revolution the king claimed the pine trees suitable for masts and his navy was furnished from America with masts and spars, a great part of which were cutis. New-Hampshire. Ships were built and loaded for the West-Indies; and there they took freight for England. where they were sold; or they were freighted with timber and spars directly for England, and sold. With the proceeds, the merchants paid for their British) goods.

Of the Fishery. A considerable number of boats and schooners are employed in the cod fishery. The boats take the fish about the isles of shoals, within two of three leagues of Portsmouth. The fish taken in Febru ary and march is cured with little salt, and being kept alternately above and below ground, becomes mellow and of a red color. This is called dumb fish and is of the first quality. The schooners fish on the banks of Newfoundland, and the fish taken, is sent to Spain and the West-Indies.

Of the Ports of Export. New-Hampshire has not more than eighteen miles of sea coast, and no port on the coast except Portsmouth, which is a port of entry, and from this is exported a considerable part of the produce of the state. But by means of the situation of the state, no small portion of commodities is exported by other channels. The lumber that passes

down the Merrimac, goes to Newburyport-a part of the trade of the western towns is by the Connecticut to Hartford and New-York-while the northern towns more easily communicate with the sea ports in Maine, than with Portsmouth.

Of the value of its Exports. The exports from New-Hampshire for several years after the national government was established, fell short of two hundred thousand dollars a year; in the year 1800, their value rose nearly to four hundred and thirty-two thousand dollars. But a great part of the produce of this state is shipped from ports in other states.

Of Manufactures. The principal manufactures are those of coarse cloths in private families ; but not sufficient for the inhabitants. Pot and pearl ashes, iron, leather, saddles, shoes, potter's ware, and a few other articles, are also manufactured.

Of the state of Learning. An old law of the colony directed every town, containing one hundred families, to provide a grammar school; in which also was to be taught reading, writing and arithmetic. This law was not well executed. Since the revolution, a law of the state has directed the maintenance of schools in the several towns under certain penalties. There are also social libraries in some towns; and news-papers circulate in almost all parts of the state.

Of the Academies. At Exeter an academy, founded by John Phillips, Esq. and called after his name, was Encorporated in 1781. At Atkinson, an academy, founded by Nathaniel Peabody, Esq. was incorporated in 1790.Academies are also founded at Amherst, Charlestown and Concord.

Of Dartmouth College. At Hanover, in Grafton county, is a college founded by Doctor Wheelock in 1769, with a special view to the instruction of young Indians. Although this object has in a great measure failed; the institution is prosperous and highly useful. The number of students is seldom less than one hundred aud fifty; it funds consisting of new lands are increasing in value; its library and apparatus are tolerably complete; its situation is pleasant and advan