Oceanography: An Illustrated GuideOceans cover over 70% of the planet's surface and are essential to life on earth, yet their deepest mysteries remained unexplored until very recently when 20th century technological advances allowed the vast expansion of our frontiers of knowledge, and worldwide interest in oceanography grew rapidly.Combining the skills of 40 contributors from worl |
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Page 11
... water movements bending the line out of the vertical. To overcome this a device suggested in earlier literature was ... deep water. Pressure of water increases in proportion to its depth, so that in the open sea the float, which was made ...
... water movements bending the line out of the vertical. To overcome this a device suggested in earlier literature was ... deep water. Pressure of water increases in proportion to its depth, so that in the open sea the float, which was made ...
Page 12
... water movements5. The existence of a current flowing into the Mediterranean ... depth (which he supposed might be as much as 100 fathoms – about 180 m). To establish ... Deep-sea sounding machine devised by Stephen Hales10. A. 12 M.B. Deacon.
... water movements5. The existence of a current flowing into the Mediterranean ... depth (which he supposed might be as much as 100 fathoms – about 180 m). To establish ... Deep-sea sounding machine devised by Stephen Hales10. A. 12 M.B. Deacon.
Page 13
... water inside, which would enable the pres- sure, and therefore the depth of ... deep ocean. Above all, in spite of the work that had already been done ... deep-water observations were more difficult, few were made. Much depended on ...
... water inside, which would enable the pres- sure, and therefore the depth of ... deep ocean. Above all, in spite of the work that had already been done ... deep-water observations were more difficult, few were made. Much depended on ...
Page 16
... deep-sea telegraph cables, as this made scientific investigation of the ocean depths possible for the first time ... water. Up to this time, deep soundings had rarely been attempted because of the great effort involved, particularly if ...
... deep-sea telegraph cables, as this made scientific investigation of the ocean depths possible for the first time ... water. Up to this time, deep soundings had rarely been attempted because of the great effort involved, particularly if ...
Page 18
... deep water. In three voyages, first in the Lightning and then in the Porcupine24, they obtained incontrovertible evidence that the deep sea was populated by a thriving community of creatures previously unknown to science. The. Voyage. of.
... deep water. In three voyages, first in the Lightning and then in the Porcupine24, they obtained incontrovertible evidence that the deep sea was populated by a thriving community of creatures previously unknown to science. The. Voyage. of.
Contents
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27 | |
3 The Role of Ocean Circulation in the Changing Climate | 41 |
12 The Marine Carbonate System | 182 |
Animals in the Deep Sea | 195 |
14 Light Colour and Vision in the Ocean | 212 |
15 Ocean Diversity | 228 |
16 Life in Estuaries Salt Marshes Lagoons and Coastal Waters | 244 |
17 Artificial Reefs | 259 |
18 Scientific Diving | 273 |
19 Marine Instrumentation | 280 |
4 Ocean Weather Eddies in the Sea | 59 |
5 Observing Oceans from Space | 69 |
6 Marine Phytoplankton Blooms | 89 |
7 Snow Falls in the Open Ocean | 96 |
8 The Evolution and Structure of Ocean Basins | 113 |
9 Slides Debris Flows and Turbidity Currents | 136 |
10 MidOcean Ridges and Hydrothermal Activity | 152 |
A Global Chemical System | 165 |
20 The Sea Floor Exploring a Hidden World | 300 |
21 Ocean Resources | 314 |
22 Waste Disposal in the Deep Ocean | 338 |
Some Commonly Used Words and Terms | 346 |
Acronyms | 347 |
Back Cover | 348 |
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Common terms and phrases
Abyssal Plain acoustic animals artificial reefs asthenosphere atmosphere benthic biological bioluminescence bloom carbon changes Chapter chemical climate coastal colour concentration continental continental slope Courtesy cycle debris flow deep ocean deep water deep-sea density deposits depth dissolved distribution Earth eddies energy environment equation estuary euphausiids example Figure fish flux global habitat heat hydrothermal hydrothermal vent increase instruments latitudes layer light lithosphere marine snow material measurements ment metres Mid-Atlantic Ridge mid-ocean mid-ocean ridge North Atlantic observations occur ocean basins oceanic crust Oceanography offshore organic oxygen Pacific particles pelagic phytoplankton plankton processes production profiles radiation range reflected regions ridge rocks salinity samples satellite scale scientists sea bed sea floor sea surface sea water sedi sediment sensors ships side-scan sonar slope sonar Southampton species surface waters temperature tion transport turbidite turbidity current velocity vent vertical water column waves wind zone zooplankton