Oceanography: An Illustrated GuideOceans cover over 70% of the planet's surface and are essential to life on earth, yet their deepest mysteries remained unexplored until very recently when 20th century technological advances allowed the vast expansion of our frontiers of knowledge, and worldwide interest in oceanography grew rapidly.Combining the skills of 40 contributors from worl |
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Page 9
... winds cause waves, water movements in straits, and the water balance of the ocean. Aristotle believed that the presence of water vapour in the atmosphere, the source of rain, was due to evaporation, principally from the sea. Rainfall ...
... winds cause waves, water movements in straits, and the water balance of the ocean. Aristotle believed that the presence of water vapour in the atmosphere, the source of rain, was due to evaporation, principally from the sea. Rainfall ...
Page 10
... winds occurs in seventeenth-century literature, but few scientists took it seriously at that time. The cause of tides had been keenly discussed since Greek philosophers first learned of their existence (because the Mediterranean is so ...
... winds occurs in seventeenth-century literature, but few scientists took it seriously at that time. The cause of tides had been keenly discussed since Greek philosophers first learned of their existence (because the Mediterranean is so ...
Page 15
... wind and current charts20, based on averaging data from log-books and designed to speed the passages of sailing ships. He believed that these charts could be further improved if ships from all nations systematically collected and ...
... wind and current charts20, based on averaging data from log-books and designed to speed the passages of sailing ships. He believed that these charts could be further improved if ships from all nations systematically collected and ...
Page 18
... winds, and the ocean currents which they generate, were responsible for climate change. Carpenter believed that if he could obtain information from the other oceans he would have irrefutable proof of his theory. A respected elder ...
... winds, and the ocean currents which they generate, were responsible for climate change. Carpenter believed that if he could obtain information from the other oceans he would have irrefutable proof of his theory. A respected elder ...
Page 19
... wind-driven currents at the surface. This idea was being hotly contested at the time and was one of the reasons for the Challenger expedition. This principle has now long been accepted, but the chart also shows a feature which has ...
... wind-driven currents at the surface. This idea was being hotly contested at the time and was one of the reasons for the Challenger expedition. This principle has now long been accepted, but the chart also shows a feature which has ...
Contents
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5 | |
6 | |
7 | |
8 | |
9 | |
27 | |
3 The Role of Ocean Circulation in the Changing Climate | 41 |
12 The Marine Carbonate System | 182 |
Animals in the Deep Sea | 195 |
14 Light Colour and Vision in the Ocean | 212 |
15 Ocean Diversity | 228 |
16 Life in Estuaries Salt Marshes Lagoons and Coastal Waters | 244 |
17 Artificial Reefs | 259 |
18 Scientific Diving | 273 |
19 Marine Instrumentation | 280 |
4 Ocean Weather Eddies in the Sea | 59 |
5 Observing Oceans from Space | 69 |
6 Marine Phytoplankton Blooms | 89 |
7 Snow Falls in the Open Ocean | 96 |
8 The Evolution and Structure of Ocean Basins | 113 |
9 Slides Debris Flows and Turbidity Currents | 136 |
10 MidOcean Ridges and Hydrothermal Activity | 152 |
A Global Chemical System | 165 |
20 The Sea Floor Exploring a Hidden World | 300 |
21 Ocean Resources | 314 |
22 Waste Disposal in the Deep Ocean | 338 |
Some Commonly Used Words and Terms | 346 |
Acronyms | 347 |
Back Cover | 348 |
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Common terms and phrases
Abyssal Plain acoustic animals artificial reefs asthenosphere atmosphere benthic biological bioluminescence bloom carbon changes Chapter chemical climate coastal colour concentration continental continental slope Courtesy cycle debris flow deep ocean deep water deep-sea density deposits depth dissolved distribution Earth eddies energy environment equation estuary euphausiids example Figure fish flux global habitat heat hydrothermal hydrothermal vent increase instruments latitudes layer light lithosphere marine snow material measurements ment metres Mid-Atlantic Ridge mid-ocean mid-ocean ridge North Atlantic observations occur ocean basins oceanic crust Oceanography offshore organic oxygen Pacific particles pelagic phytoplankton plankton processes production profiles radiation range reflected regions ridge rocks salinity samples satellite scale scientists sea bed sea floor sea surface sea water sedi sediment sensors ships side-scan sonar slope sonar Southampton species surface waters temperature tion transport turbidite turbidity current velocity vent vertical water column waves wind zone zooplankton