He answered, That he never was so happy as he is now.

well.

Live well, that you may die

All the indefinite pronouns (except none), and even the demonstrative, distributive, and possessive, are adjectives belonging to nouns either expressed or understood; and in parsing they ought perhaps to be called adjectives.-None is used in both numbers; but it cannot be joined to a noun.

EXERCISES ON PRONOUNS.

The kind of Pronouns to be pointed out and explained.

I, thou, we, me, us, thine, he, him, she, hers, they, thee, their, its, theirs, you, her, ours, yours. I am sure; thou art obliging; he is considerate; we are happy; you are kind; they favour us; let me depart; let him proceed; give us food; send them away; the book is his; these are neither mine, nor yours, nor theirs, but hers; her work is done; each must answer; every one knows that.

PROMISCUOUS EXERCISES ON THE NOUNS,
ADJECTIVES, AND PRONOUNS.

Each to be pointed out and explained.

House, table, floor; man, woman; good, bad, humane, divine; mind, matter; he, thou, she, it; woody mountains; the naked rock; youthful jollity; goodness divine; justice severe; his, thy, others, one; a peevish boy; hers, their strokes; pretty girls; his droning flight; her

delicate cheeks; a man who; the sun that; a bird which; its pebbled bed; fiery darts; a numerous army; love unbounded; a nobler victory; gentler gales; nature's eldest birth; earth's lowest room; the winds triumphant ; some flowery stream; the tempestuous billows; these things; those books; that breast which; the rich man's insolence; your queen; all who; a boy's drum; himself, themselves, myself.*

OF VERBS.

A VERB is a word that affirms something of its nominative, and forms the most important member of a sentence. It is derived from the Latin verbum, a word, and may thus be considered the name word of a sentence; for whenever we speak or write, we affirm or assert something; and the word in the sentence that does this, is called "the verb;" as, Study [does what?] improves the mind; the word improves, which affirms, being the verb, or word, which makes the sentence complete.

A verb is always expressive of being, doing, or suffering and signifies, to be, to do, or to suffer; as, I am; I praise; I am praised.

Verbs are of three kinds, Active, Passive, and Neuter.

* The personal pronouns, Himself, herself, themselves, &c., are used in the nominative case as well as in the objective; as, Himself shall

come.

A verb Active expresses action passing from an actor to an object; as, James strikes the table.*

A verb Passive expresses the suffering of an action, or the enduring of what another does; as, The table is struck.

A verb Neuter expresses being, or a state of being, or action confined to the actor; as, I am, he sleeps, you run.†

A verb is conjugated by MOODS, TENSES, NUMBERS, and PERSONS.

MOODS OF VERBS.

Verbs have five moods; the Indicative, Potential, Subjunctive, Imperative, and Infinitive. The Indicative mood simply declares a thing; as, He loves; he is loved; or it asks a question; as, Lovest thou me?

The Potential mood implies possibility, liberty, power, will, or obligation; as, The wind may blow; we may walk or ride; I can swim; he would not stay; you should obey your parents.

The Subjunctive mood represents a thing under a condition, supposition, motive, wish, &c., and is preceded by a conjunction, expressed or understood, and followed by another verb; as, If thy presence go not with us, carry us not up hence.

Active verbs are called transitive, because the action passes from the actor to the object.

+ Neuter verbs are called intransitive, because their action is confined to the actor, and does not pass over to an object,

The Imperative mood commands, exhorts, entreats, or permits; as, Do this; remember thy Creator; hear, O my people; go thy way.

The Infinitive mood expresses a thing in a general manner, without distinction of number or person, and commonly has to before it; as, To love.

TENSES, OR DISTINCTIONS OF TIME.

The Present tense expresses what is going on just now; as, I love you; I strike the table.

The Past tense represents the action or event either as past and finished; as, He broke the bottle, and spilt the brandy; or it represents the action as unfinished at a certain time past; and is often called the "Imperfect tense; My father was coming home when I met him.

as,

The Perfect tense implies, that an action has just now, or lately been quite finished; as, John has cut his finger; I have sold my horse.

The Pluperfect tense represents a thing as past, before another event happened; as, All the judges had taken their places before Sir Roger

çame.

The Future represents the action as yet to come; as, I will see you again, and your heart shall rejoice.

The Future Perfect intimates that the action will be fully accomplished at or before the time of another future action or event; as, I shall have got my lesson before ten o'clock to

morrow.

AUXILIARY VERBS.

The auxiliary or helping verbs, by which verbs are chiefly inflected, are defective, having only the Present and Past Indicative; thus,

Pres. Do, have, shall, will, may, can, am, must. Past. Did, had, should, would, might, could, was, must.

Be, do, have, and will, are often principal verbs. Let is an active verb, and complete. Ought is a defective verb, having only the Present and Past Indicative.

OF THE FUTURE VERBS Will AND Shall."

WILL, in the first person singular and plural, intimates resolution and promising; as, I will not let thee go, except thou bless me. We will go. I will make of thee a great nation. In the second and third persons, will commonly foretells; as, He will reward the righteous.

SHALL, in the first person only, foretells; as, I, or we, shall go to-morrow. In the second and third persons, SHALL promises, commands, or threatens; as, They, or you, shall be rewarded. Thou shalt not steal.

When the second and third persons are represented as the subjects of their own expressions or their own thoughts, SHALL foretells as in the first person; as, He says he shall be a loser by this bargain. While WILL promises, as in the first person; as, You say you will certainly come.

Of shall it may be remarked, that it never expresses the will or resolution of its Nominative; Thus, I shall fall; Thou shalt love thy neighbour.

Should and would are subject to the same rules as shall and will; they are generally attended with a supposition; as, Were I to run, I should soon be fatigued, &c. Should is often used instead of ought, to express duty or obligation; as, We should remember the poor. We ought to obey God rather than men.