Chemical Technology 4. *Burton, E. F. The physical properties of colloidal soluLondon: Longmans, Green & Co., 1916. viii, 200 p. (Monographs on physics.) tions. 8°. PLD Designed for the use of the student of physics this treatise by an associate professor in the University of Toronto describes the preparation and classification of colloidal solutions, the ultramicroscope, the Brownian movement, optical properties of colloidal solutions, measurement of the sizes of ultramicroscopic particles, motion of colloidal particles in an electric field, coagulation of colloids, theory of stability, and practical applications. "Judging by the literature on the subject and considering the structure and action of the constituent parts of the animal body, we may conclude that the study of colloidal solutions is of surpassing interest to the zoologist and physiologist. The invention of the ultramicroscope has brought into view bodies, e. g. certain germs, which were theretofore undiscovered... "A mere enumeration of the use of colloids in technology would occupy too much space at this point. Dyeing, tanning, glass manufacture, cement hardening, afford examples of the way in which the properties of these solutions were made use of before their real constitution had become a subject of theoretically important work. In reality there are very few modern manufacturing processes which do not employ such solutions. Equally important is the rôle of such solutions in the processes of nature; as an instance of this, according to van Bemmelen, the retentive power of rich soils for the salts necessary to the growth of plants is due directly to the existence of colloidal solutions in the humus and clay of the soil.”—From the introduction. 5. Jank, Joseph K. Spices: their botanical origin, their chemical composition, their commercial use. Seeds, herbs, leaves, etc.: their botanical origin, their commercial use. Miscellaneous: technical advices and tables. St. Louis: [C. P. Curran Prtg. Co., printers. 1915. tables. 8°. 132 p. VTB Stated to be a handbook for manufacturers who cannot afford expensive laboratory work, for food chemists who in many cases cannot secure reliable data on the botanical origin of articles passing their laboratories, and to serve as a valuable guide for brokers and salesmen. In addition to the subjects mentioned in the title there are to be found in condensed form, the federal standards, cost figuring, analysis of profits, federal and state labeling laws, buying and selling rules of the American Spice Trade Association, the new tariff so far as the spice trade is concerned, and a combined table of the official freight classification and import duty on all articles of interest to the trade. 6. Jennings, Arthur Seymour. Paint & colour mixing. A practical handbook for painters, decorators, paint manufacturers, artists, and all who have to mix colours. Containing over 300 samples of actual oil- and water-paints and water-colours of various colours, and upwards of 1,500 different colour mixtures... London: E. & F. N. Spon, Ltd., 1915. x, 245 p., 17 pl. 5. ed. 8°. illus. VOP The fifth edition of this practical work (first published in 1902) represents thorough revision and important additions, including new chapters on mixing and matching colours, straining colours, putty hard stopping, knife and brush filling, two hundred standardized colours, and colour nomenclature. Con siderable additional space has also been given to paint and colour mixing machinery. Reviewed in The Engineer, May 5, 1916, p. 381; in National builder, June, 1916, p. 83; in Journal of the Royal Society of Arts. Feb. 4, 1916, p. 241; in Building age, June, 1916, p. 76. 7. Martin, Geoffrey. Modern chemistry and its wonders; a popular account of some of the more remarkable recent advances in chemical science for general readers. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd., 1915. xvi, 351 p., 25 pl. 8°. illus. PKP A companion volume to Triumphs and wonders of modern chemistry, by the same author. Treats in an interesting manner, with good illustrations, the subjects of the simple nitrogen compounds, explosives, radium, the mystery of the periodic law, modern alchemy, applications of electricity to chemistry, the romance of the hydrocarbons, sugar, alcohol, coal-tar, and common salt, with chapters on metallic firestones and artificial precious stones. "It is difficult for a professional worker in any subject to review accurately a popular exposition of the 'wonders' which form the familiar material of his 'daily round and common task.' The best criticism of such a work is obviously that of the general reader, for whom it is intended; but the author's colleagues can at least bear witness to the fact that the wonders are described correctly, without exaggeration and without any undue appeal to the gallery."" - Nature, May 25, 1916, p. 257-258. 8. Martin, Geoffrey, and others. The salt & alkali industry, including potassium salts and the Stassfurt industry, by Geoffrey Martin...Stanley Smith...and F. Milsom... Appleton and Co., 1916. viii, 100 p. (Manuals of chemical technology. [no.] 6.) New York: D. illus. tables. 4°. VOF Presents in concise form statistical, historical, and technical information about the important industries of salt, hydrochloric acid, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, caustic soda, and the potassium salts. Well provided with bibliographical references. "The chapters on the Stassfurt industry and on potassium salts are from the pen of Mr. F. Milsom, B.Sc., of London... These sections have especial interest at the present time owing to the fundamental need of potassium salts in the agricultural industries, and the shortage of supplies all over the world owing to the stoppage of the German supplies from Stassfurt." Preface. Reviewed in Chemical trade journal, April 22, 1916, p. 364; in Gas world, June 24, 1916, p. 615. 9. Martin, Geoffrey, and J. L. FOUCAR. Sulphuric acid & sulphur products. London: C. Lockwood and Son, 1916. viii p., 11., 3-80 p., 1 diagr. illus. tables. 8°. (Manuals of chemical technology [no.] 5.) VOF The fifth of this excellent series brings together the most important technical data on sulphur, sulphuric acid, sulphur dioxide and sulphites, carbon disulphide, sodium thiosulphate, sodium hyposulphite, and sulphuretted hydrogen. Well supplied with references. Reviewed in Gas world, March 11, 1916, p. 243. 10. *Schaefer, Franz, and others. Das Gas als Wärmequelle und Triebkraft... München: R. Oldenbourg, 1916. vi, 249 Bd. 8.) + VOL p. illus. 4°. (Handbuch der Gastechnik. This richly illustrated volume of 249 pages represents the German practice in the use of gas as a source of heat and power. The first section, by Franz Schaefer, traces the history of the art, gives interesting statistics, and states the requirements for burners. Director Spaleck of Dessau presents the section on water heaters and gas hearths, with historical references. Section three on the application of gas heat to food preparation and to washing and ironing is from the pen of Herr Albrecht and gives, among many instructive data, some comparisons between the economies of gas and electricity. Section four, also by Schaefer, treats of the industrial applications, giving illustrations of a large variety of apparatus. The fifth section, by the well known Johannes Körting of Düsseldorf, has to do with gas motors and the comparative costs of gas and electricity; while the sixth section, by Sander, presents the present state of the art of the manufacture and use of the different gases for balloons. There are copious bibliographies both as footnotes and as chapter endings. 11. Walter, Erick. Manual for the essence industry: comprising the most modern methods for making all kinds of essences for liquors, brandies, liqueurs, and all alcoholic drinks, fruit juices, fruit-wines and jams, also manufacturing mineral waters; essences of fruits and other vegetable raw materials; fancy lemonades of every kind; essences for confectionary, pastry, and the kitchen; manufacturing colors and perfumes, as well as cosmetics and soap perfumes with full description of raw materials and of laboratory practice. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1916. 8°. 427 p. illus. VON 12. *Winton, Andrew Lincoln. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures, by Andrew L. Winton...with_the collaboration of Dr. Josef Moeller... and Kate Barber Winton... New York: J. Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1916. xiv, 701 p. illus. 2. ed. 8°. VTD Author was formerly chief of the United States Food and Drug Laboratory at Chicago, the work representing original work so far as possible, although credit is given to Dr. Josef Moeller of Vienna, and others, for contributions to text and illustration. A consideration of laboratory equipment, methods, and general principles is followed by sections on the histology and diagnosis of grains, oil seeds and oil cake, legumes, nuts, fruit and fruit products, vegetables, alkaloids, spices and condiments, and commercial starches. This, the second edition, embraces additions to the sections on wheat and flour, a complete revision of such parts of the chapter on oil seeds as treat of mustards, rapes, cruciferous weed seeds, and linseed, a description of the histology of alfalfa with distinctions from red and alsike clover, a revision of the sections on pomes and drupes with practical hints on the examination of almond pastes, jams, preserves and other fruit products, and rewritten descriptions of the cucurbitaceous fruits used as foods and adulterants. Has an excellent bibliography. 13. Zavalla, Justo Pastor. The canning of fruits and vegetables; based on the methods in use in California, with notes on the control of the microorganisms effecting spoilage; by Justo P. Zavalla... New York: J. Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1916. xii. 214 p. illus. (incl. front.) tables. 8°. VTG "Human beings may be traced in almost any part of the world through the tin cans which they leave behind them... Nowhere, perhaps, has the preservation of fruits and the production of a standard and attractive package been brought to a higher perfection than in California.” — Introduction. The author of this practical and attractive treatise is a graduate of the College of Agriculture of the University of California and has had personal experience in several of the factories of that state. Besides the subjects referred to in the title, there is a well illustrated section on the making of sanitary cans, as well as a plan for a modern canning plant. Civil Engineering 14. Barnes, Alfred A. Hydraulic flow reviewed; a book of reference of standard experiments on pipes, channels, notches, weirs and circular orifices, together with new formulae relating thereto, by Alfred A. Barnes... London: E. & F. N. Spon, Ltd., 1916. xi, 158 p., front., 11 fold. diagr. tables. 8°. VDM "It is seldom that we receive a book which contains so much original and valuable work as does this one of Mr. Barnes'. From our summary of its scope the reader will perceive that its value is highly practical, and that the author has boldly cut away from hydraulic flow the undergrowth of theory which has undoubtedly clogged rather than fostered its correct understanding. The book seems to us to lay the foundations of a new practical hydraulics. Further than that, it appears to us to merit the close attention of those interested in the theory of hydraulic flow. The author rigorously confines himself to the purely practical side of his subject. He is concerned with the discovery of what the coefficients and indices are, and not with why they should be what they are. Yet the precise values assumed by the coefficients and indices are worthy of close study, for in many respects the relationship existing between them is curious and suggestive." — Engineer, London, May 12, 1916. p. 403. Also reviewed in Canadian engineer, May 25, 1916, p. 577; in Mining magazine, June, 1916, p. 353. 15. Cain, William. Earth pressure, retaining walls and bins. New York: J. Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1916. x, 287 p. illus. tables. 8°. VDF The author, who is professor of mathematics in the University of North Carolina, gives full consideration to earth coherency, developing a complete graphical method, and experimentally verifying the Coulomb theory. He also discusses graphical and analytical methods as applied to non-coherent earth. Chapter six relates to the theory of bins, and appendix one covers stresses in wedge-shaped reinforced concrete bins. Reviewed in Engineering record, July 15, 1916, p. 88. 16. Gibson, Arnold Hartley, 1878-. Hydraulics and its applications, by A. H. Gibson... New York: D. Van Nostrand Co., 1915. xv p., 1 1., 813 p. New ed., rev. and enlarged. 8°. illus. (incl. diagr.) tables. VDM Second edition of this work, which is practically a rewriting, notes recent advances on the experimental side of hydraulics, including a new chapter on wave motion, as well as articles on the flow of fluids other than water, the admixture of fluids in pipes, and the interaction of passing vessels. Although written primarily for students the author believes that "the book should prove of value to such as are actively engaged in the practice and profession of hydraulic engineering." An elementary knowledge of mechanics is presupposed, but only a slight knowledge of the calculus, it is stated, is necessary to a thorough grasp of the greater part of the work. Section 3, on machinery, describes and illustrates a large number of typical machines. There are nearly four hundred excellent illustrations. 17. *Jackson, Frank H. Methods for the determination of the physical properties of road-building rock. Washington. 1916. 28 P. illus. 8°. (United States Agriculture Dept. Bulletin no. 347.) Economics Div. "Samples of road-building rock are tested free of charge by the Office of Public Roads and Rural Engineering for any citizen of the United States provided the samples are submitted strictly in accordance with full printed directions, which are sent on request." This instructive pamphlet tells how the work is done in the Government laboratory and "is intended to serve as a more or less permanent laboratory manual for those who have occasion to make such tests." 18. *Lord, E. C. E. Relation of mineral composition and rock structure to the physical properties of road materials. Washingillus. 8°. (United States Agricul ton. 1916. 26 p. ture Dept. Bulletin no. 348.) Economics Div. "In the preceding pages a microscopic method of rock analysis by means of a cross-line grating has been reviewed and the average mineral composition and physical properties of all rock analyzed and tested in this office up to January 1, 1914, have been presented in tabular form. The material has been classified according to composition and structure and the rock-forming constituents have been discussed under the groups of primary and secondary minerals with a view to explaining their essential physical characteristics. The physical properties of rocks for road making and the method of testing this material have also been given and the results obtained used to show, first, in a general way, the relation between these properties and the mineral composition and structure of rocks; and secondly, to point out more specifically the effects of secondary compounds upon them." — p. 24. This important public document has some excellent photomicrographs. 19. Morrison, Charles Edward, and O. L. BRODIE. Masonry dam design including high masonry dams, by Charles E. Morrison... and Orrin L. Brodie... New York: J. Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1916. ix, 276 p. diagr. 2. ed., rev. and enlarged. 8°. VDP "The authors are to be commended for the clear and concise manner in which all the formulas are finally stated, and this fact will make the book useful to the practicing engineer. While the book is too limited in the scope of its investigations to be used as a text-book for students generally, it is of much value to advanced students in preparing for future work along conserva |