Glass, Volume 1 |
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Page 132
Only positive birefringence was observed in these glasses after they were cooled
under load . Upon heating , the positive birefringence simply decreased to zero ,
and no negative birefringence appeared . The authors considered that the ...
Only positive birefringence was observed in these glasses after they were cooled
under load . Upon heating , the positive birefringence simply decreased to zero ,
and no negative birefringence appeared . The authors considered that the ...
Page 133
As experimental support , Botvinkin and Ananich ( 1963 ) measured
birefringence produced by immersing elongated samples of porous Vycor type in
a series of liquids having various indices of refraction . By impregnating the
elongated ...
As experimental support , Botvinkin and Ananich ( 1963 ) measured
birefringence produced by immersing elongated samples of porous Vycor type in
a series of liquids having various indices of refraction . By impregnating the
elongated ...
Page 145
The microstructural birefringence in a SiO2 - A1203 - BaO - TiO2 glass was also
observed at the same laboratory ( Ananich et al . , 1967 ) . After the sample
glasses were stretched at 900°C for 5 min and annealed , they report that the
structural ...
The microstructural birefringence in a SiO2 - A1203 - BaO - TiO2 glass was also
observed at the same laboratory ( Ananich et al . , 1967 ) . After the sample
glasses were stretched at 900°C for 5 min and annealed , they report that the
structural ...
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absorption alkali annealing applied assumed atoms band birefringence bleaching bond borate glasses Bray Brillouin calculations caused Ceram charge Chem coefficient color composition concentration conductivity considered constant containing coordination copper crystal crystalline curve darkening density dependence described detailed determined dielectric diffusion discussed distribution effect electron energy equation equilibrium et al experimental fading field fluctuations frequency function given gives heat treatment hole increased indicated intensity ions levels light liquid material measured mole negative observed obtained optical oxide oxygen particles phase photochromic Phys polarization positive present probably produce properties range ratio reduced relaxation reported respectively sample scattering separation shift shown in Fig silicate glasses silver halide similar SiO2 sodium Solids spectra spectrum strain stretching structural studied Taylor techniques temperature term thermal tion transition trapped units unpublished wavelengths York