Civil Engineering MaterialsThis book deals with properties, applications and analysis of important materials of construction/civil engineering. It offers full coverage of how materials are made or obtained, their physical properties, their mechanical properties, how they are used in construction, how they are tested in the lab, and their strength characteristics--information that is essential for material selection and elementary design. Contains illustrative examples and tables and figures from professional organizations. KEY TOPICS: Considers all common materials of civil engineering/construction--and looks at each in depth: e.g., physical properties, mechanical properties, code provisions, methods of testing, quality control, construction procedures, and material selection. Discusses laboratory testing procedures for selected tests--provides step-by-step descriptions of laboratory test procedures to determine properties of materials. All test procedures are based on relevant ASTM specification. MARKET: For Civil Engineers, Construction Engineers, Architects, and Agricultural Engineers. |
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... atom is reactive . Hydrogen is very reactive as it has only one electron in the first shell . Unstable atoms most effectively capture electrons from any atoms nearby to complete the shell . Elements such as oxygen , with two electrons ...
... atoms in a space lattice to form small solids of regular geometric outlines such as cubes , hexa- gons , or tetragons . When a material retains a random disorder of atoms or does not have a geometric arrangement of atoms , it is called ...
... atoms around their mean position - becomes more energetic and is called vibration . Eventually the movement becomes so energetic that the atoms break the bonds that hold them together and the material melts . In this liquid form the atoms ...