H

UMAN BEINGS ENJOY VARIETY. Mr. KEMBLE human being. At any rate, he is to be seen this week in a line of thought related neither to his broad comedy sketches nor to his attacks (are they savage, or only mischievous?) on the evils in which he finds our time and place prolific. No, he presents this week no moral and no joke, but one of those situations which call perennially to the fancy, the sentiment, the imagination of mankind. In the person

REST

of the most active of men he portrays the everlasting fact of repose; and for our part we would considerably rather be editorializing about this mysterious and familiar aspect of our lives than about taxation or commerce between the States. The world thinks of our President as a dynamo, never ceasing, never quiet. But when this magic veil is drawn across his eyes, he also, like all of us, calm or excitable, weak or strong, passes away into that other world of which science can say but a stumbling word or two, and of which the poet is never sated. The fitful fever of the world stops, there is a sinking back into the great unknown, and, anon, the child awakens on its mother's lap, or the strong man arises from his couch, freshened for another lap in the tiny race he is performing on this globe:

THERE ARE A NUMBER of intelligent. persons residing in our five and forty States. This truth is impressed upon us every time the postman breaks into the office. A gentleman from Brooklyn has thrown his views at our illustrations with a cogency which there is no gainsaying. Pointing out the fact that in the halcyon days of "Harper's Weekly," sentiment was one of the most persistent notes, he observes: "Brilliant as COLLIER'S is, there is a certain cold hardness about its pictures. One admires but is not charmed. They rarely touch the feelings. They have a surface glitter, but pass quickly from the memory." His explanation is that, although Americans have sentiment, the fashion is against its exhibition. There is much in what he says. In periodicals aimed entirely at popularity, with no appeal to the more cultivated, sentiment is handed out in masses, ordered by the ton; but in those which are at all infected with taste, this self-consciousness about the simple feelings truly doth abound. We should be glad to reform ourselves, with the artists' help. If they can give us something in which straightforward human sympathy is combined with skill, intelligence, and artistic refinement, perhaps they can some day make COLLIER's equal artistically to "Jugend" or "Simplicissimus."'

SENTIMENT

IS A DISCOURAGED friend of ours, and of his kind, who, from Chicago, writes like this: "Things are moving hellward rapidly. DUNNE and BUSSE are each and both the limit of human endurance. I should like to wipe them off the map. I shall go to California and hang my harp on a tree and sit by the waters and weep. The waves are washing away all the work of twelve years of grueling work for a better town." Nay, melancholy

SO BAD?

friend, it is not so bad. Those twelve years of work would not be wasted, even if the future profited not. They were the better course while they lasted. And, perhaps who knows?-after DUNNE is elected, and vacillates along, in well-meaning impotence, through another term; or after BUSSE is elected, and gives the merry farce known as a "business-like administration"; after this, perhaps, Chicago will suddenly take a notion to control her own municipal affairs, instead of allowing them to be the football of a couple of organ

izations with names to them. But please, citizens of the lake, whatever you do about DUNNE and BUSSE, do approve those traction ordinances; for on that question there is no doubt about the wiser course.

NOW CONSIDER NEWPORT, which does recognize that

LOOK AT THIS

.municipalities need to study the direct and simple interests. of their people. What more wasteful than to govern the immediate and home needs of struggling human beings by a machinery designed to express national divisions on Federal activity or the tariff? This Rhode Island town has a new charter, not yet one year of age, which not only places municipal elections in December, thus disentangling them from unrelated squabbles and national disputes, but also further provides that there shall be on the ballot nothing whatever indicating to which party organization a candidate belongs. When our other cities follow this latter provision they will be in a better position to grasp with some cogency and virility those questions which affect the actual living of the people in a town.

"WHAT," ASKS WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE, "is it that gets

TRUTH FROM EMPORIA

into a man when he goes to Topeka to make him forget his common sense?" It is about the direct primary that WILLIAM is excited, and when he is excited there is always cause. He is one of the journalists who can see the approaching end of some of the stupidest political superstitions. The people of Kansas, along with the people of the whole Middle West, have made up their minds to this step toward eliminating the hierarchy of politicians and bringing the people one step nearer to government by themselves. Mr. WHITE serves this warning: "The matter is above politics; it is above parties and factions; and if the Republican Party tries to fool the people of Kansas by giving them a primary law with a convention string to it, the only sufferers will be the Republican Party." And that is the way Republicans ought to talk to the Republican Party, and Democrats to the Democratic Party. HE MOMENTOUS TRIAL, in Idaho, of labor leaders for the THE murder of an ex-Governor, borrows its large significance from the size of the forces in collision. If MOYER and HAYWOOD are guilty, theirs is no sporadic crime, but one step in cruel and savage persecution for the advancement of a species of violent warfare in the name of Socialism. If they are innocent, there

will be many impartial men to believe that officials and mine owners in Idaho and Colorado have procured perjury and have abused the letter of the law in a manner that is essentially despotic. A wrong impression is rather generally held in Idaho that we have taken sides in this controversy. Nothing could be further from the truth. We have regretted anger and diatribe, whenever they have been exhibited by either side. We have had but one point in mind; to urge that this trial result in a conscientious and patient examination of the particular fact at issue. have regretted that certain conclusions should be stated emoMercly because we tionally ahead of trial, the report has been spread that we had taken the Moyer-Haywood side; and this in spite of the emphasis with which we have spoken of the outrageous and even ludicrous deliverances of many Socialist speakers and newspaper organs.

URIES REFLECT PUBLIC FEELING, and so, to some extent, do judges; although seldom, be it said, so grossly as did the judge who recently congratulated a jury for declaring two murderers not guilty because, after forcing a sister, they shot him, and thus spread her name over the whole man to marry their

United States. Judge HARRISON is a disgrace to the State of Virginia and to the Bench, and he ought to be removed. The Anarchists of Chicago would have had no chance of proving themselves possessed of brain storms. They were convicted practically in the manner depicted, for example, BRAIN STORMS in Mr. HERRICK'S account in "The Memoirs of an American Citizen." GUITEAU undoubtedly had stormy hemispheres, but what good did they do to him? WILKES BOOTH and CZOLGOSZ both believed themselves to be executing acts of heroism and virtue, but by different roads they were gathered speedily unto their fathers. It all depends.

SECU

ECURITIES HAVE BEEN TOO HIGH. There has been too much booming, and rates of interest have been abnormal. Therefore it is to be assumed that even without any lessening of real prosperity, quotations will be steadily somewhat lower than they have been. Taking advantage of these permanent facts, it was easy for Wall Street to give to the inevitable and reasonable decline the temporary appearance of a downward plunge with panicky accompaniments. That such an incident will have the effect of checking rational and just legislation is unlikely. That it will give the mere excitement-mongers pause

FLURRIES

is possible, and that it may check the tendency WALL STREET of States to pass inelastic rate laws is to be hoped. The financiers must rid themselves of frenzied methods, but not less must the public learn to attack only railroad evils and not the vitals of the railroad business. A railroad, in itself, is a beneficent fact, not a calamity. Force publicity, prevent watering and looting enterprises like the Alton disgrace, insist on safety, comfort, and adequacy, and then allow the railroads to make their own rates, subject to regulation, but not to exact dictation. Unless such distinctions are made, there will be depression and a conservative reaction, perhaps expressed in a President like FAIRBANKS, a House full of Cannons, and a Senate entirely satisfactory to Mr. ALDRICH.

ΟΝ

N THE PRESENT DUMA rest possibilities almost beyond overstatement. If tact and firmness combine, the position of the progressives in the long and bitter contest will be strengthened many fold. The Duma met under certain favorable circumstances. The Liberal majority was much increased. The former Duma had been instructive. Thus far the steps taken have been marked by self-control and clear purpose. Demands have been formulated on which all parties except the Reactionaries could agree. All the various groups, from Terrorists to Constitutionalists, will be satisfied if the Government grants the very definite and reasonable demands which they have formulated. These demands

OPPORTUNITY

come only to what are looked upon as the primer A GREAT of personal liberty in countries like Italy, France, the United States, and England. They mean, in brief, that religious opinion shall be free, that the lives and liberties of men shall depend upon judicial process, not upon bureaucratic caprice, and that a parliament of the people shall play its part in legislation. Special to Russia are certain agrarian. demands, which, nevertheless, will be judged by all democratic observers to be necessary beyond dispute. As a corollary to the right of fair legal processes comes the demand for amnesty, where the sufferers are being punished merely for their political opinions. If these minimum demands are rejected, very likely there may be an appeal to arms. If the appeal is made on such grounds, foreign opinion will be active and almost unanimous.

control the trade within their own borders, as the national legislation, so hardly won, now controls it in interstate commerce. Local ordinances, embodying in part or in whole the provisions of the Federal law, have been put in force, notably in New York City, where Health Commissioner DARLINGTON has crippled the "dope" medicines by absolutely forbidding the sale of cocaine nostrums and requiring definite labeling of the other habitforming drugs before patent medicines containing them can be put on sale. Massachusetts has lopped off an important limb of the medical upas tree by passing a law, under the impulsion of Governor GUILD, adding strength to the law passed last year, and forbidding the free distribution of samples, whereby many children have been poisoned. New York and New Jersey, among other States, have patent-medicine legislation pending, based on the Pure Food law, which legislation, of course, the Proprietary Association of America is quietly striving to defeat. Opposition from that source, however, will hardly carry much weight, since the Association has, with regrettable carelessness, put itself on record in Wisconsin, where a bill has been offered requiring the printing of full formulas on on every patent-medicine package. From the drastic and disastrous prospects of such a law the Proprietary Association turns to the Pure Food law as to a refuge in the very definite words sent out broadcast through one of its chief promotion agencies: "It (the National Food and Drugs act) will accomplish the end aimed at the protection of the publicand should be passed in every State. The art of blowing hot in one place and cold in another has its limitations. Evidences multiply from all quarters that the industry of fraud-medicines is in a state of slow decline.

FOWL IS TAKEN out of cold storage in an

CLOSING IN

undrawn state,

"SPRING" CHICKEN

and served, sometimes, three or four years after it is killed. There are some spring chickens that are killed and eaten in the spring. It is susceptible of proof that on some dairy farms real cream is produced under sanitary conditions. For the average patron of a hotel or dining-car, however, spring chicken and cream are technical terms. Cold storage preserves the flesh of undrawn fowl, but it does not prevent intestinal germ infection. Experiments made in New York have shown that complete infection of undrawn poultry occurs within four and a half days after killing. The big game storage warehouses of that city draw their supplies largely from Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. Stripped only of their feathers, the birds are packed in barrels and shipped. Naturally, this highly infected game food causes toxicosis, which shows in a variety of more or less virulent forms of intestinal trouble. The Burhyte bill, framed to stop the practise, is now before the New York Legislature for the third time, having been killed in 1905 and 1906.

SCRANTON, PENNSYLVANIA, IS REVIVING from an onset

typhoid fever. Fifty years ago such an epidemic would have been piously and fearfully attributed to an avenging Providence, and much vague and minatory discourse would have been poured out from the pulpit upon the subject. An avenging Providence it is, indeed, in a sense; but it is that variety of logical vengeance which causes the human animal to lie down and die after swallowing a sufficient amount of poison. Scranton has been poisoned, as most other American cities have in a greater or less degree, been poisoned, but under circumstances which fix the guilt, with unusual clearness, upon the private water company which supplies the city. In one of the last numbers of the now defunct "Ridgway's" Mr. SAMUEL HOPKINS ADAMS points out how one man, W. W. SCRANTON, has by his negligent and conscienceless management of the city's water supply made himself responsible for the deaths, the terror, and the misery inherent in more than a thousand cases of typhoid. Did Mr. SCRANTON scatter about a schoolroom or playground, where children might find and eat it, rat-biscuit, he would presumably be arrested. But he may infect a whole city with his water, into which sewers and cesspools have discharged their deadly filth, unmolested of the law. Negligence, causing a railway accident, at least obtains the attention of our grand juries. Negligence,

COMPARISONS

creating an epidemic far more disastrous and destructive than any railway catastrophe of recent years, ought not to be beyond the reach of justice.

CAUSE AND EFFECT are

SCRANTON'S LESSON

AUSE AND EFFECT are related with peculiarly provable directness in certain disease infections. Nothing is more certain than that drinking water, polluted with filth, will sooner or later cause typhoid fever. Often, payment of this debt, which foolishness owes to fate, may be long deferred; the imperiled community may drink its diluted sewage for years, with a small typhoid rate before the deluge. So it was in Ithaca, in Butler, But when the in Wheeling, in Plymouth, and so in Scranton. overdue debt is eventually paid, it bears arrears of compound interest, and Death is its collecting agent. Scranton has long prided itself upon its "pure water," disregarding the danger signal of a small but permanent typhoid percentage. The epidemic fell upon it like a secret army in times of piping peace. For its own folly Scranton, the city, has paid a heavy penalty. For his fatal negligence SCRANTON, the man, pays in the loss of his fellow citizens' respect and confidence; in his enforced realization of the concrete lesson that no man can drain a countryside into a reservoir, take a profit on the poisonous mixture, and escape the burden of guilt. As embodying, in its diagnosis of a sick city, a lesson and a warning to other endangered communities, the "Ridgway's" article might profitably be reprinted by some medical society or other organization interested in preserving the public health.

THESE PAGES SOUGHT instruction,

not long ago, by rescuing from the Congressional Record certain remarks of Senator CARTER of Montana. Those eruptions expressed a Ciceronic resentment against the disposition of the Government at Washington to interfere with some nimble-fingered constituents of Tom's, said constituents having been interrupted while they were taking short cuts across the tangle-taped process of separating the Government from large sections of its land. Let us hark back, now, to Senator FULTON of Oregon, fulminating to the same effect.

CARTER

dealt in sulphurous words. President ROOSEVELT's officers, who have been prosecuting the land thieves,

PINCHOT

AGAIN

are "Pharisees," "moral delinquents, "odious and oppressive." FULTON dealt in milder terms. The furious hell-hounds

DROUGHT IN TEXAS

where "local option" is in force in more than two-thirds of her counties, express companies do a larger business in selling intoxicants than the saloons, and the quality sold by "jug traders" is not good. South Carolina has abandoned Senator TILLMAN'S dispensary plan for regulating the liquor traffic, one reason for its failure being competition of express companies. Maine, the birthplace of prohibition, furnishes many patrons. A large proportion, indeed, of the jug trade in the prohibition regions of the United States is handled through C. O. D. offices. Texas places a tax of $5,000 on each of these offices maintained in the State, and until the express companies can have this law declared unconstitutional, or discover some way of evading it, a serious change seems likely to come over life in parts of the Lone Star State.

THE

HE WAY WOMEN ARE capable of attacking industrial evils reminds one of the Rev. ABE MULKEY, who "cut out the trimmings and gave his hearers the plain article right from the factory.' In Chicago they have a Trade Union League which promises to have much power. The Millinery Committee reports

the beautiful

of the Department of Justice have been very close to the heels of FULTON'S political intimates. After all, does not dignity lie the same way as prudence? Is it not more in keeping with the Senatorial manner to refrain from kicking the sleeping canine? FULTON talked tearfully of "the beautiful land, valleys, and the lovely hills," which are ardently coveted by FULTON'S friends, the "throbbing industries" which are held back because a cruel Government will not allow them to despoil the timber lands. The end and substance of Senator FULTON'S remarks was that the head of the Bureau of Forestry, Mr. GIFFORD PINCHOT, was a dreamer and a visionary. Mr. FULTON is not alone. In this opinion PINCHOT'S extensive honor. views are frequent, to Mr.

Such

THE C. O. D. LAW recently signed by the Governor of Texas is held valid, inhabitants of the dry counties in that State will be cut off from voluminous supplies. Efforts to prevent the sale of liquor in prohibition States and districts have had as one obstacle the fact that express companies have placed bottled intoxication within easy reach of the thirsty. In Kentucky,

man."

that making hats has ceased to be a handicraft; the processes are highly specialized, wages have wages have been forced down, work is carried on in dark and unsanitary rooms, and while the girls. are "rushed to death" in the busy season, they can not find employment in the dull season. The Chicago women arranged an exhibition reproducing bad and good factory work

rooms. They showed SPECIFIC photographs of basement

macaroni factories, of reeking icecream factories, and of women doing work not fit to be done by anybody. A special corps of investigators were sent out to get the truth. Nothing could be more effective than such exhibitions, showing, case by case, the specific things to be cured. that men generalize and women particularize. This might be expressed, once more, in the exact and eloquent words of ABE MULKEY: "Women hitch up truth to facts and plow deep in the soil of sin, never slacking until the entire field is broken up."

IN

It is said

"Married Men!"

IN AN AMERICAN BURLESQUE there was sung some years ago a song that touched every uxorious heart. It was called "For He Was a Married Man," and it outlined vividly the man who seemed afraid of no terror of earth or heaven, a man who was inured to suffering and callous to disappointment, a hero who could face an angry automobile or a malignant cyclone, "for he was a married The British War Office and the House of Commons are just beginning to debate this subject. "Who are the bravest men in action?" asks the War Secretary. answers the Imperial Keeper of Matrimonial Statistics. All Parliament sits aghast at the news, and Bachelor Radicals may be seen creeping out of side doors with the hope of becoming Matrimonial Unionists. before the charge of cowardice and inefficiency is brought against them. The dogged stands at Ladysmith, the brilliant charges at Spion Kop were made by companies of married men. the first to cross the pontoons at the Yalu? Who were ried Samurai who laughed at the terrors which impended on the A regiment of marother side and clutched their marriage certificates to their breasts. These facts have been laid before the English War Secretary, who is now trying to reason the matter out. Do the married men fight so desperately in the hope of domestic approbation and reward, or are they wantonly wasteful of life? On the answers to these questions may depend Britain's military policy in the future.

HEROES

THE

F

FORCE

OR the man who takes office as Police Commissioner of the City of New York there is a formula duly made and provided. It runs in this wise: "The average New York policeman is honest and upright. There are crooks and grafters in the Department, but they are the exceptions. Graft among the police is merely sporadic." And so on, to varying lengths of high-sounding encomiums. The Police Commissioner who proclaims this creed upon assuming office may be only ignorant. If he repeats it at the close of his incumbency he does so with his tongue in his cheek. For no man has ever held the Police Commissionership of the City of New York for six months who did not, in that time, have the truth borne in upon him from a thousand sinister sources. And this is the truth, bald and bare: The Police Department of the City of New York is a semisecret and a semi-criminal organization. Where its ends can be accomplished without publicity, it fosters crime instead of preventing it, it conceals crime instead of detecting it. Through the processes of its inner System it traffics in lawlessness, selling it as a commodity over the counter at a varying price. Perjury, skilled and formulated, whereby a policeman will always come to the aid of a brother policeman, swearing to any lie that

is necessary, is the bulwark of the System. Murder is not too great a length for the police to go in protection of it.

The people of New York pay their police about $14,000,000 a year to protect them against criminals. The criminals of New York pay the police probably $25,000,000 a year to protect them against the law. Naturally the criminals get the better service.

on their salaries, to employ lawyers of the calibre of Elihu Root, they have always succeeded in so tangling up the court records as to give openings for successful appeal. Unfortunately the higher courts have evinced a disposition to reverse the Commissioner upon the merest unessential technicalities-as when an entire batch of incompetents was put back on the force because the certificates of physical disability were signed

Board of Police Surgeons" instead of "Police Surgeons.' Because it is practically impossible to get rid of an incompetent or a dishonest police official after he has attained a certain rank, Commissioner Bingham is fighting in a bill now before the New York Legislature for power to reduce and appoint his inspectors and official detectives at will, and all the forces of the System are opposing him at Albany, for reasons which will appear in this article.

"If the official discipline of the force were as greatly feared as the unofficial discipline of the System inside the force," said Commissioner Bingham to me, in discussing the present phase of the situation, "I wouldn't need any more power."

What is this System? It is, roughly speaking, a business partnership between the high officials of the Police Department and a loosely organized board of trade in vice, crime, and law-breaking. Gambling, prostitution, and illegal liquor-selling are the principal commodities dealt in. Robbery and blackmail are important side-lines, though it is the lesser officers who get most of the profit from these.

In the interest of these lawless industries, the Police Department is controlled, from without, by a domination always more potent and often more direct than the authority of its nominal head. The political element most closely related to the police force is that over which "Big Tim" Sullivan, formerly United States Congressman, and "Little Tim" Sullivan, Tammany leader in the Board of Aldermen, wield absolute rule. Thus it is that the so-called "Sullivan pool-rooms" operated by the various adherents of the Clan

123 West Seventieth Street

223 West Seventieth Street Residence of Inspector McCluskey

Residence of Inspector Cross