Materials Selection for Process Plants

abrasion acid addition alkalies alloys aluminum annealed anode applications atmospheres attack austenitic base brasses carbon carbon steel cast iron cause cements cent characteristics chemical resistance chloride cleaning coat combination common compounds concentrations conductivity construction containing continuous cooling copper corrosion corrosion resistance cost cracking ductility effect electrical elevated Elongation environments equipment excellent exposure fabrication film given grades gray greater handled hardness heat heat-treatment improved increase industries lead limited lining lower machining material maximum mechanical properties metal method Monel natural nickel nitric normally occurs operating organic oxidizing paint performed physical pipe plastic prevent protection range readily recommended reducing removed rubber salts silicon sodium hypochlorite solutions solvents stainless steels stress structure suitable sulfuric acid superior surface Table temperature tensile strength thermal thickness tion titanium Type Typical welding widely wrought zinc