Materials Selection for Process Plants

abrasion acid addition alkalies alloys aluminum aluminum alloys annealed anode applications atmospheres attack austenitic base brasses carbon carbon steel cast iron cause cements cent characteristics chemical resistance chloride coat cold-working combination common composition compounds concentrations conductivity construction containing continuous copper corrosion resistance cracking ductility effect electrical elevated Elongation environments equipment excellent expansion fabrication given grades gray greater handled hardness heat heat-treatment Hypalon impact improved increase industries lead less limited lining lower machining material maximum mechanical properties metal method Monel natural nickel nitric normally occurs operating organic oxidizing paint performed physical pipe plastic prevent produced protection range readily reducing removed rubber salts silicon sodium hypochlorite solutions solvents stainless steels stress structure suitable sulfuric acid superior surface Table temperature tensile strength thermal tion titanium Type Typical welding widely wrought zinc