Mechanical MetallurgyI Mechanical Fundamentals 1 Introduction 2 Stress and Strain Relationships for Elastic Behavior 3 Elements of the Theory of Plasticity II Metallurgical Fundamentals 4 Plastic Deformation of Single Crystals 5 Dislocation Theory 6 Strengthening Mechanisms 7 Fracture III Applications to Materials Testing 8 The Tension Test 9 The Hardness Test 10 The Torsion Test 11 Fracture Mechanics 12 Fatigue of Metals 13 Creep and Stress Rupture 14 Brittle Fracture and Impact Testing IV Plastic Forming of Metals 15 Fundamentals of Metalworking 16 Forging 17 Rolling of Metals 18 Extrusion 19 Drawing of Rods, Wires and Tubes 20 Sheet-Metal Forming 21 Maching of Metals Appendixes |
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Page 620
... extrusion and a straightener to correct minor warpage in the extruded product . 18-3 HOT EXTRUSION The principal variables which influence the force required to cause extrusion are ( 1 ) the type of extrusion ( direct vs. indirect ) ...
... extrusion and a straightener to correct minor warpage in the extruded product . 18-3 HOT EXTRUSION The principal variables which influence the force required to cause extrusion are ( 1 ) the type of extrusion ( direct vs. indirect ) ...
Page 622
... extrusion speeds , and therefore problems with hot shortness may be accentuated.1 The selection of the proper extrusion speed and temperature is best de- termined by trial and error for each alloy and billet size . The interdependence ...
... extrusion speeds , and therefore problems with hot shortness may be accentuated.1 The selection of the proper extrusion speed and temperature is best de- termined by trial and error for each alloy and billet size . The interdependence ...
Page 631
... extrusion on the exit from the die may be a problem . However , this is solved by augmented hydrostatic extrusion in which an axial force is applied either to the billet or to the extrusion . The fluid pressure is kept at less than the ...
... extrusion on the exit from the die may be a problem . However , this is solved by augmented hydrostatic extrusion in which an axial force is applied either to the billet or to the extrusion . The fluid pressure is kept at less than the ...
Contents
Introduction | 3 |
Stress and Strain Relationships for Elastic Behavior | 18 |
Metallurgical Fundamentals | 101 |
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alloy aluminum angle annealed ASME ASTM atoms axis behavior billet brittle fracture Burgers vector cold-worked components compression constant crack creep cycles decrease determined diameter direction dislocation line ductile edge dislocation elastic elongation embrittlement energy engineering equation extrusion factor failure fatigue limit fibers Figure flow curve flow stress force forging friction given grain boundaries hot-working hydrostatic increase indentation lattice length load machining martensite material matrix maximum measured mechanical metallurgical Metals Park modulus necking notch occurs particles percent plane-strain plastic deformation plastic strain pressure produce properties ratio recrystallization reduction region residual stresses rolling screw dislocation shear stress sheet shown in Fig slip plane slip systems Society for Metals specimen steel strain hardening strain rate stress-strain curve structure surface temperature tensile strength tensile stress tension test tensor thickness tool torsion Trans usually velocity workpiece yield strength yield stress