Fatigue of engineering plastics

adhesive amplitude ASTM ASTM STP Beardmore Bucknall carbon cfrp component Composite Materials composites constant crack growth rates crack length crack tip craze crystalline cyclic loading da/dN decrease deformation discontinuous growth bands discussed ductile effect elastic elastic modulus energy epoxy fatigue behavior fatigue crack growth fatigue crack propagation fatigue failure fatigue fracture fatigue tests FCP behavior FCP rates fibers flaw fracture mechanics fracture surface fracture toughness frequency sensitivity hysteresis hysteretic heating increase J. A. Manson Kambour laminates loading cycles M. D. Skibo material matrix mean stress modulus molecular weight notched nylon 66 plastic zone PMMA polyacetal polycarbonate polymeric solids polystyrene properties PVDF R. W. Hertzberg Rabinowitz rubber S-N curve samples Section semicrystalline shown in Fig specimen spherulite static stress intensity factor stress level striation studies temperature rise tensile test frequency thermal failure tion toughening unnotched values viscoelastic yield strength