Catharine's Hall, with a second preference to students from Christ's Hospital for two of them. (See p. 218.)

1649. Mr W. Richards founded two Exhibitions at Emmanuel College, with a preference to students from Christ's Hospital. (See p. 365.) 1652. William Rudge, gentleman, gave £150 to assist in sending to the University poor scholars bred up at Christ's Hospital.

1656. John Perryn, Esq. gave an Exhibition of £5 a year towards the maintenance of one scholar that shall be brought up a Bluecoat in Christ's Hospital, in Oxford or Cambridge.

1656. Rev. Abraham Colfe, founded seven Exhibitions for scholars proceeding to the University from the grammar-school of Lewisham, and provided that if no scholar be duly qualified at the time of a vacancy at Lewisham school, a fourth preference shall be given to a scholar from Christ's Hospital. (See p. 433.)

1661. Thomas Stretchley left £7 per annum to each of two poor scholars who shall be sent from Christ's Hospital to the University, towards their maintenance, to continue till they are Masters of Arts, unless for misconduct they are deprived, or leave the University before the expiration of that period.

1662. John Brown, gentleman, gave the rent of an estate at Islington towards the maintenance of six Scholars from Christ's Hospital, three in Emmanuel College, and three in Christ's College, Cambridge, who are not to continue longer there than seven years. The value of this benefaction in 1837 was £92. (See pp. 298, 366.)

1665. William Williams, citizen and cordwainer of London, left £8 a year for seven years towards the maintenance of a poor scholar from Christ's Hospital at either Oxford or Cambridge.

1666. Erasmus Smith by deed gave £100 a year to the mayor, commonalty, and citizens of London, to be disposed of partly for the maintenance of scholars, poor children belonging to Christ's Hospital, at either of the Universities of Oxford or Cambridge, provided that they do not exceed the sum of £8 of the lawful money of England, yearly to be given by way of Exhibition towards the maintenance of one scholar in either of the said Universities.

1667. Thomas Barnes, Esq. left a benefaction producing £40 a year in 1837, to eight poor children of Christ's Hospital yearly, for ever, and towards an exhibition and maintenance to each when sent to the University, or any other poor scholars that are at the University, until they become Masters of Arts.

1672. Thomas Rich, mercer, of London, left two Exhibitions of £6 each for two poor scholars that have been taught in Christ's Hos

pital, and from thence sent to the University for desert of studious labour, so long as they shall continue profiting in learning, &c. and the rules of the University also will permit.

1673. Sir John Smith left an Exhibition of £6. 13s. 4d. to be given once in two years to a poor scholar at either university who has been bred up at Christ's Hospital.

1677. Philip Jemmett gave an Exhibition of £6 a year for six years to a poor scholar from Christ's Hospital in either of the Universities, if he continue resident there for that period.

1679. Anthony Death, clerk, left to a scholar of Christ's Hospital £5 on his being sent to Oxford or Cambridge, and £6 a year until he take the degree of Bachelor of Arts; then £8 a year until he become Master of Arts, to continue until he has been eight years at the University, if he continue to be resident.

1709. William Moses, Esq. serjeant-at-law, left £10 per annum to so many poor boys from Christ's Hospital as shall be fit to send to the University, and shall be sent to Pembroke Hall, Cambridge. If there be none fit to be sent to the University from Christ's Hospital, the governors are to have the disposal of the exhibitions, which are to be disposed of by executors and overseers as they shall think fit.

The income from the benefaction with that from accumulations in 1837 was £132. 19s. 3d.

1839. William Thompson, Esq. M.P. alderman, president of Christ's Hospital, gave £4000 to found two Exhibitions at the Universities of Oxford or Cambridge: and two annual gold medals to the two most distinguished and deserving scholars proceeding to the University, and who were to be called "the Thompson Medallists."

1839. Henry Rowed, Esq. gave £2000 to the governors to found an Exhibition for a student from Christ's Hospital at either of the Universities of Oxford or Cambridge.

1841. The proprietors of The Times Journal devoted the amount of the subscription, raised and presented to them, to the foundation of two Scholarships, one of which is to be given to a student from Christ's Hospital.

The value of the Times' scholarship is £30 a year, and it is given to the most distinguished of the four Grecians in classical and mathematical learning who are proceeding to the University. (See p. 463.) 1846. The Pitt club founded a Scholarship of £30 a year, for four years, at Oxford or Cambridge. It is given to the scholar who obtains the highest marks for Classics and Mathematics united at the Midsummer examination next before leaving for college.

In 1835 a petition was presented to the Court of Chancery by the president and governors of Christ's Hospital, with a view to obtain a scheme for the due application of the funds left for exhibitions to the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge.

The petitioners submitted, that as there was one only scholar from Christ's Hospital at Oxford, five of Lady Mary Ramsey's exhibitions, each of £3. 6s. 8d. were open to any poor scholar who might apply for them; in order to prevent an accumulation of the fund, that such of the five said exhibitions as should remain unapplied for by the space of one year, should be carried to the general exhibition fund, and should be applicable to exhibitions to either of the Universities. They further submitted, that the several benefactions set forth in the schedule amounting together to the annual sum of £488. 9s. 3d. should be consolidated and considered as an aggregate yearly, applicable generally and alike in affording exhibitions to scholars brought up in the school of Christ's Hospital, as therein mentioned, the said governors consenting to supply the present and any future deficiency of the annual sum of £560 so required, as before mentioned, from the general funds of the Hospital. And in the event of the aggregate yearly income from benefactions being increased to a sum exceeding £560, the governors were to be at liberty to apply such surplus, first towards the reimbursement of the general funds, and afterwards towards increasing the number of exhibitions, or the amount of each, as they in their discretion should think fit.

The proposal was approved and confirmed by the Court of Chancery in 1837: and the governors thus empowered, now appoint four Exhibitioners every year, of whom, three go to Cambridge, and one has the choice of going to Oxford. The exhibitioners at Oxford receive £100, and those at Cambridge £80 a year, and may hold these exhibitions for four years.

THE CHARTER-HOUSE.

FOUNDED 1611, A.D.

THOMAS SUTTON, Esq. citizen and girdler, in 1611 purchased of the Earl of Suffolk for £13,000, by conveyance, the estate which was described as "Howard House, commonly called the CharterHouse, consisting of divers courts, a wilderness, orchards, walks, and gardens, with Pardon church-yard, and two adjoining messuages called Willbeck, with all the buildings, ways, &c." and applied to King James I. for a charter to found a Hospital and Free-school, which he should endow with manors and other lands, then of the annual value

of £4493. 19s. 10. On the 22nd June, 1611, letters patent were granted in which the foundation is styled, "The Hospital of King James, founded in Charter-house, within the county of Middlesex, at the humble petition, and sole cost and charge, of Thomas Sutton, Esquire."

These letters patent were confirmed by an act of parliament in the fourth year of Charles I. and a further exemplification was obtained in the eighth year of George I.

The letters patent prescribe that the number of pensioners, old decayed housekeepers, and children, to increase and be maintained, according to the increase of the revenues; and the governors are charged to bestow the ecclesiastical preferments belonging to the Charter-house upon those scholars only who have been brought up on this foundation, and to avoid the giving of more benefices than one to any incumbent.

The statutes for the government of the Hospital were finished in 1627, and were signed by Charles I; but have since, at different times, been altered and modified. In the orders respecting the scholars, it is directed, that the scholars of the foundation shall not exceed 40; nor shall any be admitted but such as the schoolmaster shall find and approve to be well entered in learning, answerable to his age at the time of his admittance: and respecting the masters, that "they shall be careful and discreet to observe the nature and ingeny of their scholars, and accordingly instruct and assist them. In correction, they shall be moderate: in instruction, diligent: correcting according to the quality of the fault in matter of manners, and according to the capacity of the fault in matter of learning.

The pensioners, who are styled Poor Brothers, and the scholars, who are styled Poor Scholars, are nominated by the individual governors in their turns, according to a list made by order of the governors in assembly, whenever it is necessary.

The pensioners are 80 in number, the scholars, 44. They are admitted between the ages of 10 and 14, and are taught, boarded and clothed free of expense. Besides the scholars on the foundation, there is a large number of other boys in the school, whose education is paid for by their parents.

In 1850 it was ordered that one Scholar at least should be elected each year on to the foundation, after an examination, provided that there be not more than four such elected scholars on the foundation at one time. These elected scholars are of course exactly on the same footing as the nominated scholars.

The exhibitions of the Charter-house are not limited in number; they are given to all scholars on the foundation, after an examination, and are tenable at any college at Oxford or Cambridge; they are £80 a year, tenable for four years, residence not being required after taking the B.A. degree.

Scholars on the foundation, not proceeding to the University, on leaving the school receive £100, called an Apprentice Fee, when they are fixed in any profession in life.

In 1720 Lady Elizabeth Holford founded additional Exhibitions at Christ Church, University College, Pembroke College, and Worcester College, Oxford. An Exhibition from the same fund has lately been founded, tenable at any college at Cambridge. These exhibitions are only held by scholars who have been on the foundation.

In 1852 a fund was raised by the friends of the Hon. J. C. Talbot, Q.C., from which are paid two scholarships of £40 a year each, tenable for three years at either University, called the Talbot Scholarships. Scholars on the foundation are not eligible to these scholarships, though they may gain a prize of books from this fund, called "The Talbot Prize."

A fund is now being raised by old Carthusians to found a scholarship, to be called The Carthusian Scholarship.

CITY OF LONDON SCHOOL.

FOUNDED 1442, A.D.

Re-founded 1834, A.D.

THIS school was established by the Corporation of London under the authority of an Act of Parliament procured by them for the purpose in the year 1834, upon an ancient endowment for education made in 1442 by John Carpenter, town-clerk of the city, and is under the government of the corporation and a committee chosen by them.

The object of the school is to furnish a liberal and useful education for the sons of respectable persons who are engaged in professional, commercial, or trading pursuits, without the necessity of removing them from the care and control of their parents. Pupils are admissible at any age between seven and fifteen years, but are required to possess sufficient knowledge of reading, writing, and arithmetic, to be competent at least to enter a division of the junior department. The mode of admission is by an application according to a form obtainable from the secretary, which is required to be signed by the parent or guardian,