Helicopter Aerodynamics

aerodynamic aircraft airfoil airplane airspeed altitude angle of attack autogyro autorotation Bell blade area blade stall Centrifugal Force characteristics climb cockpit collective pitch copter curve cyclic pitch decrease disc loading drag Dutch roll engine feet fenestron Flapping Hinge flight conditions flow flying forward flight forward speed fuselage gross weight ground effect heli high speeds hingeless hover increase induced drag induced velocity knots level flight lift coefficient load factor Mach number main rotor maneuver maximum motion nose nose-down nose-up oscillating parasite drag pedal phugoid pilot pitching moment position pounds power required problem produce ratio result retreating side roll rotation rotor blades rotor disc rotor flapping rotor speed rotor thrust shaft shown in Figure sideslip sideward flight Sikorsky Sikorsky S-76 steady surface swashplate tail boom tail rotor takeoff tilt tion tip speed tip-path plane trailing edge trim turn twist vertical vortex wind tunnel wing