Introduction to Colloid and Surface Chemistry |
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Page 100
... detergents . Adsorption at the air - water interface with the consequent lowering of surface tension and foaming is , therefore , not necessarily an indication of detergent effectiveness ; for example , non - ionic detergents usually ...
... detergents . Adsorption at the air - water interface with the consequent lowering of surface tension and foaming is , therefore , not necessarily an indication of detergent effectiveness ; for example , non - ionic detergents usually ...
Page 101
... detergent and mechanical action58 ( a ) Surface covered with greasy dirt ( b ) Water by itself fails to dislodge the dirt mainly because of its high surface tension and inefficient wetting action ( c ) Detergent is added to the water ...
... detergent and mechanical action58 ( a ) Surface covered with greasy dirt ( b ) Water by itself fails to dislodge the dirt mainly because of its high surface tension and inefficient wetting action ( c ) Detergent is added to the water ...
Page 102
... detergent action . Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose improves detergent perform- ance in washing textile fabrics , particularly cotton , by forming a protective hydrated adsorbed layer on the cleaned fabric which helps to prevent dirt ...
... detergent action . Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose improves detergent perform- ance in washing textile fabrics , particularly cotton , by forming a protective hydrated adsorbed layer on the cleaned fabric which helps to prevent dirt ...
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acid adsorbed adsorption adsorption isotherm approximately aqueous behaviour Brownian calculated cell charged surface chemisorption cm-¹ cm³ coefficient colloidal dispersions colloidal particles colloidal systems constant contact angle counter-ions curve cylinder decreases deflocculated deformation depends detergent diffusion dispersion medium distance droplets effect electrical double layer electrode electrolyte emulsifying equation equilibrium example Figure film flocculation flocculation concentration flow hydrocarbon chains hydrophilic increase interaction interface intrinsic viscosity ionic ions isotherms light scattered material measured membrane method micelles mixed film molecular weight molecules monolayer monomolecular motion O/W emulsions orientated osmotic pressure physical adsorption plate polymer polymerization pores porous potential energy potential gradient protein ratio relative repulsive sample sedimentation shear soaps sodium solid surface soluble solution solvation solvent spherical particles stability Stern layer stress surface tension surface-active surfactant temperature theory thermal thixotropic valency vapour pressure velocity viscoelastic viscometer volume W/O emulsions Waals wetting zero zeta potential