Organizational Environments: Ritual and RationalitySAGE Publications, 1983年11月1日 - 312 頁 Meyer and Scott are among the leading proponents of the environmental view of organizational theory, which sees organizational structures as primarily determined by environment as opposed to technology. Their view and approach is demonstrated here in a collection of essays, that consider the place of organizations within a wider institutional structure, paying particular attention to educational systems and medical services. |
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第 1 到 3 筆結果,共 42 筆
第 242 頁
... innovation only when some validation outside the routine structure is availa- ble and claimed . Thus , if a teacher routinely adapts to some new handi- capped students by modifying instruction , it is a change but not an innovation . If ...
... innovation only when some validation outside the routine structure is availa- ble and claimed . Thus , if a teacher routinely adapts to some new handi- capped students by modifying instruction , it is a change but not an innovation . If ...
第 250 頁
... innovation . adoption minimize the likelihood of implementation . This is especially true ( a ) in decentralized systems , ( b ) at higher levels of the structure and ( c ) with knowledge or innovation that has to do with educational ...
... innovation . adoption minimize the likelihood of implementation . This is especially true ( a ) in decentralized systems , ( b ) at higher levels of the structure and ( c ) with knowledge or innovation that has to do with educational ...
第 254 頁
... innovation system . 4. Implications for National Policy It is here assumed that responsible national policymakers have three interests : ( 1 ) a general desire , especially in American education , to encourage knowledge use and innovation ...
... innovation system . 4. Implications for National Policy It is here assumed that responsible national policymakers have three interests : ( 1 ) a general desire , especially in American education , to encourage knowledge use and innovation ...
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常見字詞
action activities actual administrative agencies American aspects attempt authority become centralization changes chapter claims collective complex conformity consider coordination create cultural deal decentralized decisions defined definitions direct discussed district domain educational educational organizations effects elaborate elements environmental environments evaluation example exist expect external federal field formal forms functions funding given groups highly important incorporate increased individual innovation inspection instance institutional institutionalized instructional integrated interest internal involved issues knowledge legitimacy legitimate less linked means ments Meyer myths noted occupational organizational structure organizations particular political practice present problems processes production professional programs rational relations reporting requirements responsibility ritual role rules Scott sector social society specific standards studies teachers technical tend theory tion tional types units vary