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at last would become completely depreciated and displaced. He often referred to the significant lessons, presented in Anquetil's Universal History, of the inevitableness in any country, which tolerates the continued existence of two distinct races, of the destruction of both by the mixed race which will take their place. "I am in favor," he used humorously to say, "of removing the blacks to some distant part of our continent. There I would build a high wall between them and ourselves, and then would hang every one who should attempt to return." We should not, of course, precisely concur in just these features of his plan. But in regard to the desirableness and great importance of the colonization of the negro race, he was sustained by the concurrent opinions of the most profound statesmen, philanthropists, and divines our country has ever produced.

The memory of William King is a valued inheritance of the State of Maine. He lived, and his commanding form now peacefully reposes on the banks of that river, at whose mouth the first formal, chartered settlement of white men was made in New England. As long as Gorges shall be honored for schemes of colonial improvement, and Popham be known as an explorer, and the placid waters of the Kennebec continue to gladden an intelligent and prosperous population, the State of Maine will hold in reverential regard her first governor as one of her noblest sons.

The Art of War, the only guarantee of the blessings of peace. For the vast improvements in the means of attack and defense of the present day, our country is mainly indebted to the ability, caution, and consummate skill of the distinguished Chief of the Bureau of Engineers of the Army of the United States.

The following letter from Gen. Totten, of the Engineer De

partment of the United States, was received in reply to the invitation of the committee:

LETTER FROM GEN. J. G. TOTTEN.

BANGOR, ME., August 17, 1862.

Rev. EDWARD BALLARD, Brunswick, Me.

SIR, — I have had the honor to receive your letter of the 11th instant, inviting me to the "Historical Celebration," to be held on the 29th instant, in the fort at the mouth of the Kennebec.

Your letter encloses a toast to be given on that occasion, to which I am invited to respond.

I beg you to be assured that I feel highly complimented by these attentions, and am very grateful for them; at the same time, I am obliged to add, that very pressing public duties will keep me at a great distance from a meeting which, in all that shall transpire, will, I hope, satisfy the desires of the projectors and patrons of the celebration, and mark the day as a bright and memorable one in the annals of New England. I am very respectfully,

Your obedient servant,

Jos. G. TOTTEN.

The Coast Line of Maine, - the nursery of seamen; affording the highest advantages for maritime and commercial pursuits; more deeply indented than any on the globe. The efforts and skill of modern science have laid open its most secret recesses to the uses of commerce.

Professor Bache, of the United States Coast Survey, sent the following letter in partial response to this sentiment. It is to be regretted that he has not been at leisure to complete his purpose of furnishing the proposed communication, as indicated in a letter from Washington of last January, by reason of the increasing demands upon his time and labors in the

public service. As he had made a commencement of his effort in this direction, it is hoped that his paper may still be published for the benefit of the citizens of Maine.

LETTER OF PROFESSOR A. D. BACHE.

BANGOR, ME., August 17, 1862.

SIR,- I beg leave to acknowledge the honors done me by the Executive Committee of the Historical Society, in their invitation to attend the celebration at Fort Popham. The special interest which I take in the coast of Maine makes it a source of much regret to be obliged to decline the invitation. I have been requested by the Navy Department to take part in a commission in reference to the site of a navy yard for iron clad vessels, which is to meet in New London on the 26th, and which must prevent my attendance at the mouth of the Kennebec, on the day of your celebration. I shall have a few words to say on the "Coast Line of Maine,” which I shall send you soon. With great respect, Truly yours,

Rev. EDWARD BALLARD, Secretary, &c.

A. D. BACHE.

Rhode Island, the early home of toleration, and of civil and religious freedom, the greatness of whose example is in inverse proportion to the extent of her territory.

The letter of the Hon. Mr. Arnold, here given, assigns the reason for his inability to comply with the request of the committee:

SIR,

HON. MR. ARNOLD'S LETTER..

PROVIDENCE, R. I., August 28, 1862.

By some delay of the mails, your favor, with invita

tion to be present at the celebration at Fort Popham to-morrow, did not reach me till last evening.

I regret very much that public duties will prevent my acceptance of the same. Our Legislature is now in session, otherwise it would afford me much pleasure to be with you on so interesting an occasion, and to reply to the complimentary toast in behalf of Rhode Island.

Respectfully yours,

Rev. EDWARD BALLARD, Brunswick, Me.

S. G. ARNOLD.

The West, the proudest achievement of modern civilization. The march of empire Westward, unlike the conquering hordes of Attila, or the advance of the Tartar tribes of Tamerlane, — diffuses peace, plenty, and content among the teeming millions, that throng the vast domain of the Mississippi valley.

The following letter was received in reply to the invitation of the committee from the Hon. S. P. Chase, Secretary of the Treasury:

HON. MR. CHASE'S LETTER.

WASHINGTON, D. C., August 21, 1862. MY DEAR SIR, -I have received your card. Accept the urgency of indispensable public duties here, as an adequate apology for my omission to reply in due season to your very kind note, inviting me to attend the Historical Celebration at Fort Popham on the 29th instant, and for my necessary absence. Yours truly,

Rev. EDWARD BALLARD, Brunswick, Me.

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S. P. CHASE.

The Clergy of New England, who, by their early and assiduous devotion to popular education, became the architects of our civilization. Their teachings and influence have saved our prosperity from degenerating into luxury, and have helped to preserve in our children the fidelity to principle and the fear of God, which characterized the fathers and founders of the New England colonies. The Rights of New England Citizenship, Hard Work with Freedom; Hard Thought with Generosity; Hard Fighting with Patience unto Victory.

Poetry and Art, - twin products of civilization, at once the loftiest expressions of human genius and the most elevating in their influence on mankind, the works of a Longfellow and an Akers attest that their growth is native to our soil, and that after the lapse of two centuries and a half, the wilderness, in this highest efflorescence of humanity, has indeed been made "to blossom as the rose."

Diplomacy: the Instrument of International Conciliation, -wisely used by the Master's hand; may it guide us as it has guided our imperiled ship of State past the threatened dangers of foreign intervention, and while restoring our own, preserve the world's peace.

The Mountains and the Seas, Hindrances to the sluggish, helps to the adventurous.

The Valley of the Mississippi, -the garden of the world. Its development in population, wealth, and power, in all that constitutes progress in the highest civilization, finds no parallel in history.

The Brotherhood of Nations, the holiest of all brotherhoods; requiring only that mankind should remember their parentage, their relationship, and their inheritance.

The letter here given, from Walter Shanley, Esq., of Montreal, was sent without special reference to the sentiment with which it is now connected. But as it embodies the spirit of that sentiment, it has been deemed proper to add it in this place.1

MR. SHANLEY'S LETTER.

MONTREAL, C. E., 2d Sept., 1862. DEAR SIR, On my return from New Brunswick this morning, I found among the letters awaiting me, your printed note of the 12th ult., in relation to the two hundred and fifty-fifth anniversary celebration at Fort Popham, of the founding of the first English colony on the shores of New England; and I regret very much that my inopportune absence from home should have prevented my receiving your kind and thoughtful invita

1 Communications on "Pemaquid, " "Weymouth," ""The Lost Augusta," and others, not received in season for insertion in the "Proceedings" at the Pavilion, will be found after the LETTERS,"

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