"Province of Mayne," in 1644, upheld the title of his nation against the French, and saved New England to his country.

Pierre du Gas, Seigneur De Monts, the Patentee of the first charter of Henry of Navarre, who sacrificed empire and fortune rather than his religious faith, and beheld the fairest portion of the continent, which he had apparently secured to his nation, pass into the hands of his rivals.

George Weymouth,— the early explorer of the coast of New England; memorable for his description of our own coast and his exploration of "the most excellent and beneficyall river of Sachadehoc."

The Ancient Dominions of Maine, — Sabino, Sagadahoc, Sheepscot, Pemaquid, and Monhegan; the theater of early maritime discovery and settlement; the designed seat of empire of our colonial ancestors.

A

The Colonization of Manhattan- by the Hollanders; whose tolerant spirit and commercial enterprise laid the foundation of the great metropolis of the New World.

Captain John Smith, — the daring soldier and navigator; whose efforts in acts of government in Virginia, and of naval skill in exploring and defining the boundaries of New England, which he made known by maps and description, give his name a place among the great men of his time.

The Mountains and the Seas, - Hindrances to the sluggish, helps to the ad

venturous.

The Brotherhood of Nations, the holiest of all brotherhoods; requiring only that mankind should remember their parentage, their relationship, and their inheritance.

The Fall of Quebec,- under the leadership of the heroic Wolfe, in 1759, which gave peace, security, and progress to the frontier settlements of the colonies, and supremacy to English power in North America.

Sir William Phips, the ship carpenter of Woolwich, - the bold seaman and adventurer, the Baronet, the successful General and Governor. His life and character illustrated the spirit and genius of New England.

The Coast Line of Maine, the nursery of seamen; affording the highest advantages for maritime and commercial pursuits; more deeply indented than any on the globe. The efforts and skill of modern science have laid open its most secret recesses to the uses of commerce.

The Eastern Coast of New England, the arena of the conflict of the races, where alternated the fortunes of the French and English.

The Saco, the home of Vines and companions in 1616, and the first seat of justice, in which the forms of the common law were put into practice.

Pennsylvania,

to whose archives we are indebted for the only exact account

of Arnold's expedition to Canada.

The Memory of Ex-Governor King-the first Governor of Maine after she ceased to be a Province of Massachusetts, and became one of the States of the Union. Change and Progress,· these make up the history of the world, mental, moral, and physical. Slowly were they written upon its pages, till Fulton, Stephenson, Henry, and Morse, solved the problem of intercommunication by steam and lightning.

The Virginia of Sagadahoc,—the first vessel built on the North American continent; the germ of that naval architecture which has made Maine the foremost community of the world in shipbuilding.

Plymouth Plantation, founded by men of strong faith, of earnest piety; educated under the teachings of Robinson and Brewster at Leyden, they were fitted to become pioneers in the new movement toward civil and religious liberty.

Nova Scotia, -the earliest battle ground of the races upon this continent; the home of the loyalist in Revolutionary times. Distinguished for the fascinations of its scenery and its treasures of mineral wealth, but still more distinguished for the intelligence of its people and the ability of its public men.

New Brunswick, -cotemporaneous with Maine in origin and neighboring in territory; may our bonds of good fellowship never be broken.

The Colony of Massachusetts' Bay, — founded in 1629, by men of the same unconquerable will as those that brought royalty to the block, and discarded prescription as heresy. Their descendants have ever shown a faithful adherence to the doctrine of "Uniformity."

The Heroes of 1776, — may the men of to-day prove themselves worthy to be called their sons.

New Jersey,

where the Northmen of the Scandinavian Peninsula founded their first colony in the New World.

The Valley of the Mississippi, - the garden of the world. Its development in population, wealth, and power, in all that constitutes progress in the highest

civilization, finds no parallel in history.

The Art of War, the only guarantee of the blessings of peace. For the vast improvements in the means of attack and defense of the present day, our country is mainly indebted to the ability, caution, and consummate skill of the distinguished Chief of the Bureau of Engineers of the Army of the United States.

The West,

The proudest achievement of modern civilization. The march of empire Westward, — unlike the conquering hordes of Atilla, or the advance

of the Tartar tribes of Tamerlane, diffuses peace, plenty, and content among the teeming millions, that throng the vast domain of the Mississippi valley.

Rhode Island, -the early home of toleration, and of civil and religious freedom, the greatness of whose example is in inverse proportion to the extent of her territory.

The Clergy of New England, who, by their early and assiduous devotion to popular education, became the architects of our civilization. Their teachings and influence have saved our prosperity from degenerating into luxury, and have helped to preserve in our children the fidelity to principle and the fear of God, which characterized the fathers and founders of the New England colonies. The Rights of New England Citizenship, - Hard Work with Freedom; Hard Thought with Generosity; Hard Fighting with Patience unto Victory.

Poetry and Art, twin products of civilization, at once the loftiest expressions of human genius and the most elevating in their influence on mankind,· the works of a Longfellow and an Akers attest that their growth is native to our soil, and that after the lapse of two centuries and a half, the wilderness, in this highest efflorescence of humanity, has indeed been made "to blossom as the rose."

Diplomacy: the Instrument of International Conciliation, -wisely used by the Master's hand; may it guide us as it has guided our periled ship of State past the threatened dangers of foreign intervention, and while restoring our own, preserve the world's peace.

The Memory of Governor Sullivan, the earliest Historian of his native State, and the honored Chief Magistrate of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, of which Maine then constituted a part; his residence on the banks of the Kennebec fitted him for the study of the earliest annals of our State, and made him eminent not only in the department of law and of statesmanship, but of history.

THE CELEBRATION.

The day, Friday, August 29th,'-appointed for the fulfilment of the design of the various actions of the committee,

1 Some inquiries were made for the reasons of the selection of the 29th day, rather than the 30th, for the commemoration; as the opinion had been held that eleven days, in that century, instead of ten, should be added to the date in the Old Style to bring it to the proper day in the New. The following article, from the "Brunswick Telegraph," furnishes a suitable explanation :

OLD STYLE AND NEW STYLE.-When the announcement of the day for the celebration at Fort Popham was made, it was thought, spoken, and written, that a mistake had been committed in adding ten days to change the date, August 19, 1607, O. S., to August 29, 1862, N. S., instead of eleven. But the decision was right for the years in that century. In a late number of the Historical and Genealogical Register, published in Boston, there is an allusion to the real error, made in regard to the day for commemorating the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, in placing it one day too late. The first celebration of that event was held on Friday, December 22, 1769." The writer proceeds to say: "A mistake was then made in reducing the Old Style date (Dec. 11), to New Style, which caused them to select the wrong day for the celebration. The mistake was not noticed for some time; and when it was discovered, the error was too firmly fixed in the public mind to be easily removed. An effort, however, was made in 1849, to change the celebration to the true day. A committee was appointed by the Pilgrim Society, December 15th, of that year, who reported, May 27th, 1850, that the 21st of December was the true anniversary of the landing, and recommended that this day be celebrated in future, instead of the 22d. The report was accepted by the Society, and a vote passed in accordance with the recommendation of the committee. We believe, however, that the force of habit has proved stronger that the love of truth, and that the Pilgrim Society has rescinded its vote, and again cclebrates the 22d of December." Thus it is evident, that the believers in Popham celebrate a true event on the right day and place; but the believers in Plymouth Rock commemorate a true event in the right place, but on the wrong day.

was as clear and beautiful as the season could allow. The response to the notice and invitations was given by thousands of persons of both sexes, from this and other States, and from the British Provinces. The railroad accommodations, though specially provided and judiciously intended to be ample, were insufficient to afford passage to many, who were seeking to participate in the expected enjoyments of the day. Difficulty also was feared in finding means of conveyance by water from Bath to the mouth of the Kennebec, as the government had taken into its employ the principal steamers that had usually plied on the river and on the other steamboat routes in Maine. Two tug boats with two barges each had been secured by Col. J. T. Patten, the committee, for the purpose. But they were filled to the utmost, and had departed before the arrival of the cars from Portland, Augusta, and Lewiston, as had also a stern wheel boat from Augusta, which made a second trip at a later hour. Fortunately for the accommodation of the multitude thus arriving, a steamboat from Bangor, independently of the efforts of the committee, had been placed at the depot wharf, and with its capacious barges, fully met the emergency.

After the necessary delay in receiving on board this large number of persons, the trip commenced favorably, and was enlivened at intervals with patriotic and other music of the Band from Fort Preble, engaged for the occasion, and another provided by the boat from Bangor. The waters of the river had already been made historical by the entrance of Captain George Weymouth [1605], in the ship "Archangel," and his explorations on its western shore; and minds, familiar with the records of those first events of English enterprise, delighted to recall the distant past, to compare it with the changes to the present, and to dwell on other topics suited to the time, the

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1 See the statements of Strachey, Hubbard, and Prince. Purchase added to the narrative of Rosier, and thus led Belknap into an error, as has been truly shown by the late John McKeen, Esq.-Me. Hist. Col. Vol. 5.