DISTRIBUTION OF THE FAUNA

The following list shows the localities cited by number in the text and tables:

75. 6 miles west of Gainesville, Alachua County, Fla. 322b. Nigger Sink, 8 miles north of Newmansville, Alachua County, Fla.

323. Near Hawthorn, Alachua County, Fla.

356. Sullivan's field, Levy County, Fla.

359. Chimney Rock Quarry, half a mile north of Gainesville, Alachua County Fla.

360. Preston's marl bed, 34/2 miles north of Waldo, Alachua County, Fla.

361. Hogtown Creek, at old mill 2 miles northwest of Gainesville, Alachua County, Fla.

365. Johnsons Sink, 4 miles northwest of Hawthorn, Levy County, Fla.

369. Hammock west of Magnesia Springs, near Hawthorn, Alachua County, Fla.

373. Phosphate rock of the Devil's Mill Hopper, 5 miles northwest of Gainesville, Alachua County, Fla.

395. 50-foot well in Tallahassee, Leon County, Fla.

2116. Lapenotière's Hammock, on Sixmile Creek, 111⁄2 miles south of Orient Station, Hillsborough County, Fla.

2211. Lower bed, Alum Bluff, Liberty County, Fla.

2212. Tenmile Creek, 1 mile west of Baileys Ferry, Calhoun County, Fla.

2213. 1 mile below Baileys Ferry, Chipola River, Calhoun County, Fla.

2214. Tenmile Creek, 1 mile west of Baileys Ferry, Calhoun County, Fla.

2238. Flournoy's mill race, 2 miles east of Argyle, Walton County, Fla.

2302. 2 miles west of Tallahassee, Leon County, Fla. 2322. Sopchoppy Creek, Wakulla County, Fla.

2324. White Sulphur Springs (White Springs), Suwannee River, Hamilton County, Fla.

2380. Clay Springs, Orange County, Fla. 2564. McClelland farm, 1 mile below Baileys Ferry, Calhoun County, Fla.

2566. Upper bed at Rock Bluff, Apalachicola River, Liberty County, Fla.

2568. Lower or "Chipola" bed at Alum Bluff, Apalachicola River, Liberty County, Fla.

2611. West bank of Suwannee River, SW. 14 NW. 14 SE. 4 sec. 8, T. 4 S., R. 11 E., near Dell, Lafayette County, and 15 miles south of Ellaville, Madison County, Fla.

2612. West bank of Suwannee River just below a sulphur spring 26 miles below 2611, Lafayette County, 17 miles south of Ellaville, Madison County, Fla.

2645. McClellan farm, Shoal River, 5 miles west of Mossyhead, Walton County, Fla.

2646. Oak Grove, Yellow River, Okaloosa County, Fla.

2652. Horse Creek, 1/2 miles south of Oak Grove, Okaloosa County, Fla.

2653. "Otaheite beds," on east Blackwater Creek, 15 miles west of Oak Grove, Okaloosa County, Fla.

2675. 1 mile south of railroad bridge at Milligan, Okaloosa County, Fla.

2823. West bank of Suwannee River just below sulphur spring 21⁄2 miles below 2612, 191⁄2 miles south of Ellaville, Madison County, Fla.

2868. Fuller's earth bed, Quincy, Gadsden County, Fla.

3173. "Fuller's earth" mines of Chesebrough Co., Quincy, Gadsden County, Fla.

3385. Gastropod Gulch, 4 miles southeast of Bainbridge, Decatur County, Ga.

3386. Roseland Plantation, 31⁄2 miles southeast of Bainbridge, Decatur County, Ga.

3396. Sam Dickens's field, 7 miles southeast of Bainbridge, Decatur County, Ga.

3415. "Rock Bluff," east bank of Apalachicola River, 12 miles below railroad, Liberty County, Fla.

3417. Alum Bluff, 35 miles below railroad bridge over Apalachicola River, Liberty County, Fla.

3419. McClelland farm 1 mile below Baileys Ferry, Calhoun County, Fla.

3424. J. C. Henderson's well, western limits of Tallahassee, Leon County, Fla.

3704. Quincy, Gadsden County, Fla.

3731. Near Mossyhead, sec. 6, T. 3 N., R. 21 W., Walton County, Fla.

3732. Dave Adams Mill Creek, sec. 2, T. 3 N., R. 21 W., Walton County, Fla.

3733. Three-fourths mile west of Shell Bluff, Shoal River, Walton County, Fla.

3742. Shell Bluff, Shoal River, Walton County, Fla.

3747. 8 miles south of Lake De Funiak, Walton County, Fla. 3748. Summerville mill race, 1 mile east of Argyle, Walton

County, Fla.

3749. Allen Senterfeit's mill, 3 or 4 miles north of Campton, Walton County, Fla.

3856. 6 miles west-northwest of Mossyhead, Walton County,

Fla.

4966. 1,000 feet above Georgia, Florida & Alabama Railroad bridge over Ochlockonee River, Wakulla County, Fla. 4976. White Springs, Hamilton County, Fla.

4977. W. C. Rose's farm, West Sopchoppy, Wakulla County,

Fla.

4978. Rose's Mill Creek, 3 miles west of Sopchoppy, Wakulla County, Fla.

4986. Miller's quarry, 1 mile from Ellenton, Manatee County,

Fla.

4991. Ochlockonee River, 1 mile north of Holland, Leon County, Fla.

5079. One-half mile below Shell Bluff, Shoal River, Walton County, Fla.

5080. First ravine below Shell Bluff, Shoal River, Walton County, Fla.

5184. First ravine below Shell Bluff, Shoal River, Walton County, Fla.

5192. Folk's Creek, 4 miles south of Argyle, Walton County,

Fla.

5193. Crowder's Crossing, 1/2 miles below Shell Bluff, Shoal River, Walton County, Fla.

5194. 12 miles below Shell Bluff, Shoal River, Walton County, Fla.

5195. First ravine below Shell Bluff, Shoal River, Walton County, Fla.

5613. Coronet phosphate mine, 5 miles southeast of Plant City, Hillsborough County, Fla.

5618. 312 miles southwest of De Funiak Springs, Walton. County, Fla.

5629. Coronet phosphate mine, 5 miles southwest of Plant City, Hillsborough County, Fla.

5630. 100 yards below Oak Grove Bridge, Yellow River, Okaloosa County, Fla.

5631. Oak Grove Bridge, Yellow River, Okaloosa County, Fla. 5632. Oak Grove, Yellow River, Okaloosa County, Fla. 5633. Oak Grove, Yellow River, Okaloosa County, Fla.

6175. Left bank of Suwannee River three-fourths mile above White Springs, Columbia County, Fla.

6196. Rock stratum lying immediately above fuller's earth at Ellenton, Manatee County, Fla.

6197. Limestone underlying fuller's earth at Ellenton, Manatee County, Fla.

6208. Marl underlying phosphate of Pierce Phosphate Co., Pierce, Polk County, Fla.

6209. 22 miles southwest of Phosphate Mining Co.'s pit No. 4, Mulberry, Polk County, Fla.

6769. East bank of Suwannee River at wagon bridge at White Springs, Hamilton County, Fla.

6775. Spring on left bank of Suwannee River about 100 yards above Rock Island and about half a mile above White Springs, Columbia County, Fla.

6776. Spring on left bank of Suwannee River about 100 yards above Rock Island and about half a mile above White Springs, Columbia County, Fla.

6778. Spring on left bank of Suwannee River about 100 yards above Rock Island and about half a mile above White Springs, Columbia County, Fla.

6783. Langston's Sink, about 4 miles northwest of Lake City, on road to White Springs, Columbia County, Fla.

6800. Preston Sink, 3 miles north of Waldo, Alachua County, Fla.

6801. Lochloosa Creek, near Magnesia Spring, about 3 miles west of Hawthorn, Alachua County, Fla.

7054. 400 feet below bridge, Oak Grove, Okaloosa County,

Fla.

7055. Old Senterfeit mill, 411⁄2 miles southwest of Laurel Hill, Walton County, Fla.

7148. Gastropod Gulch, 51⁄2 miles southeast of Bainbridge, Decatur County, Ga...

7151. Tenmile Creek, Calhoun County, Fla.

7183. Alum Bluff (lower bed), Liberty County, Fla.

7256. Look and Tremble Shoals, Chipola River, Calhoun County, Fla.

7257. Sexton's marl bed, sec. 11, T. 1 N., R. 10 W., Tenmile Creek, Calhoun County, Fla.

7261. Upper Alaqua Lethu (?) Bluff, near De Funiak Springs, Walton County, Fla.

::

7264. De Funiak Cardium beds, Alaqua Creek, Walton County, Fla.

7468. Sopchoppy, Wakulla County, Fla. 7847. Lake Butler, Bradford County, Fla.

7893. Boynton Landing, Choctawhatchee River, Washington County, Fla.

9957. Gully south of the road and east of the bridge over White's Creek, on road from Eucheeanna to Knox Hill, 6.7 miles south of Argyle, 1.7 miles southeast of Eucheeanna, Walton County, Fla.

9958. Site of Flournoy's old mill, about 14 miles northeast of Argyle, Walton County, Fla.

9959. One-fourth mile west by north of Pleasant Ridge Church, 5.2 miles southwest of De Funiak Springs, Walton County, Fla.

9960. Folk's Creek, sec. 21 or 22, T. 3 N., R. 18 W., 6 miles south of Argyle and 1.7 miles from Eucheeanna, Walton County, Fla.

9961. Horse Creek, 1/2 miles south of Oak Grove, Okaloosa County, Fla.

9994. John M. P. McClelland's farm, Chipola River, Calhoun County, Fla.

10596. Waldon Bridge over Bruce Creek, 5 miles west of Red Bay, Walton County, Fla.

10603. Gully south of the road and east of the bridge over White's Creek, on road from Eucheeanna to Knox Hill, 6.7 miles south of Argyle, 1.7 miles southeast of Eucheeanna, Walton County, Fla.

10608. White's Creek, half a mile below bridge on Eucheeanna-Knox Hill road, Walton County, Fla.

10609. The Woodyard, three-fourths mile above Shell Landing, Holmes Creek, Washington County, Fla. (lower bed).

10610. The Woodyard, three-fourths mile above Shell Landing, Holmes Creek, Washington County, Fla. (upper limestone.) 10611. White's Creek near water's edge, half a mile below bridge over creek on road from Eucheeanna to Knox Hill, 6.7 miles south of Argyle, 1.7 miles southeast of Eucheeanna, Walton County, Fla.

10612. Chester Spence's farm, 5 miles southwest of De Funiak Springs, at head of Sconter's Mill Creek, Walton County, Fla.

10658. Shell Bluff, Shoal River, 6 miles west-northwest of Mossyhead, Walton County, Fla.

10659. Tanner's mill (Old Senterfeit mill), 4 miles southwest of Laurel Hill, Okaloosa County, Fla.

10660. Lower bed, Alum Bluff, Liberty County, Fla.

10661. Godwin Bridge over Shoal River, 5 to 6 miles northwest of Mossyhead, Walton County, Fla.

10662. Lower bed, Shoal River, between Godwin Bridge and Shell Bluff, 5 to 6 miles west-northwest of Mossyhead, Walton County, Fla,

10663. Crowder's Crossing, 1/2 miles below Shell Bluff, Shoal River, Walton County, Fla.

10860. Boynton Landing, 4 miles east of Miller's Ferry, Washington County, Fla.

10869. Folk's Creek, 6 miles south of Argyle, Walton County, Fla.

INTRODUCTION

The first of the series of papers upon the Mollusca of the Alum Bluff group covered the orders of the Prionodesmacea and the Anomalodesmacea. The Mollusca were by the beginning of Miocene time so far advanced in development that the great majority are included under the highest of the three orders, the

Teleodesmacea, characterized in the adult stages by

the differentiation of the hinge teeth into distinct cardinals and laterals. This paper, the second of the series, covers the most primitive of the Teleodesmacea in the Alum Bluff group. All three of the superfamilies considered-the Astartacea, the Carditacea, and the Chamacea-are included under Dall's group of the Diogenodonta, which is characterized in the normal forms by one or two laterals and not more than three cardinals. The Carditacea

into three formations, each of them highly fossiliferous-the Shoal River formation, the Oak Grove sand, and the Chipola formation.

The Chipola carries a subtropical highly diversified fauna conspicuously rich in gastropods. The Oak Grove fauna includes little more than half as many species as that of the Chipola, but some of them, particularly among the bivalves, are exceedingly

numerous. The temperature was probably lower than in the Chipola epoch and the water more shallow. In the uppermost formation, the Shoal River, the coolwater element is still strong, and there is evidence of the continued retreat of the sea. The Chipola fauna, as one might expect, is apparently the most widely spread. It has been recognized not only in west and west-central Florida but also on Savannah River and in eastern Texas. The Oak Grove is well

armature but differ in the development of a pronounced radial sculpture. The Chamacea have until recently been considered an offshooting group from the Carditacea that have been greatly modified by their sessile habit. Some doubt has been thrown upon this relationship by the late morphologic studies of Odhner.

The Alum Bluff group, from which the fauna in question is derived, is divided in descending order

across the line in southwestern Georgia and possibly in the Mobile well in southern Alabama at a depth of 1,000 feet. The Shoal River formation is restricted in its known distribution to western Florida. The detailed discussion of the stratigraphy of the Alum Bluff group will follow the systematic treatment of the fauna.