Structural Biomaterials

abductin amino acid composition amino acids amount animal behaviour biological materials biomaterials bone brittle cartilage cell cellulose CH2OH chitin collagen components conformation covalent cross-linking crystalline crystals cuticle deformation effect elastic elastin energy experiments extension factor feather keratin fibres fibrils fibrous figure force fracture function gels glycine groups H-bonds hair helical helix hyaluronic acid hydrogen bonding hydrophobic hydroxyproline hysteresis important increase insect cuticle interactions J. D. Currey keratin lamellar layer length linkages load locust matrix mechanical properties membrane mesogloea modulus molecular molecules morphology nacre NHCOCH3 occur OH OH orientation osteons peptide phase pliant Poisson ratio polymer polysaccharides possible probably proline protein random coil region relatively relaxation residues resilin rubber shear rate shell shown shows side chains silk ẞ-sheet stabilised stiffness strain rate strength stress stress-relaxation stress-strain curve structure Table temperature tendon tensile tension tissues toughness viscoelastic viscous X-ray diffraction Young modulus