Biology, Pages 58-67 |
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Page 14
... single covalent bonds , the arrangement of its four hybrid orbitals causes the bonds to angle toward the corners of an imaginary tetrahedron ( see Figure 2.16b ) . The bond angles in methane ( CH4 ) are 109.59 ( Figure 4.3a ) , and they ...
... single covalent bonds , the arrangement of its four hybrid orbitals causes the bonds to angle toward the corners of an imaginary tetrahedron ( see Figure 2.16b ) . The bond angles in methane ( CH4 ) are 109.59 ( Figure 4.3a ) , and they ...
Page 17
... electron shell ( see Figure 2.8 ) . A couple of additional examples will show how the rules of covalent bonding apply to carbon atoms with partners other than hydrogen . In the carbon dioxide molecule ( CO2 ) , a single carbon 17.
... electron shell ( see Figure 2.8 ) . A couple of additional examples will show how the rules of covalent bonding apply to carbon atoms with partners other than hydrogen . In the carbon dioxide molecule ( CO2 ) , a single carbon 17.
Page 18
... single carbon atom is joined to two atoms of oxygen by double covalent bonds . The structural formula for CO2 is shown here : O = C = 0 Each line in a structural formula represents a pair of shared electrons . Notice that the carbon ...
... single carbon atom is joined to two atoms of oxygen by double covalent bonds . The structural formula for CO2 is shown here : O = C = 0 Each line in a structural formula represents a pair of shared electrons . Notice that the carbon ...
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4.2 Carbon atoms 4.3 Functional groups ability to form acid adenosine aldehyde amino asymmetric carbon atoms can form bonding to four carbon and hydrogen carbon compounds Carbon Skeleton Variation carbon's versatility carbonyl group carboxyl Chapter Chemical Elements chemist common carbon skeleton Concept 4.2 Carbon Concept 4.3 Functional Concept Check covalent arrangement covalent bonds cyanate double bonds electron shell Electron-shell diagrams enantiomers fat molecules form diverse molecules four other atoms geometric isomers Groups Most Important groups of atoms H H H H-C-OH H huge number hydrocarbon tails hydrogen hydroxyl inorganic involved in chemical ketone L-Dopa living matter living organisms molecular architecture Molecular Diversity Arising molecular formula molecules by bonding nitrogen organic chemistry organic compounds organic molecules oxygen Parkinson's disease pentanes phosphate group Proteins sex hormones simple molecule skeletons of organic structural formula structural isomers study of carbon suggested answers sulfhydryl term that correctly thalidomide types of isomers urea valence shell Wöhler