Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, Volume 3American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2002 - Arctic regions |
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Page 140
... observed . Observation of appearance Appearance of corrosion specimens was observed . The unaided eye , an optical microscope , and an electronic microscope were used for the observation . The results of observation of specimens ...
... observed . Observation of appearance Appearance of corrosion specimens was observed . The unaided eye , an optical microscope , and an electronic microscope were used for the observation . The results of observation of specimens ...
Page 148
... observed on B3 , B4 and V2 specimens after final unloading of compressive load . On the other specimens , crack initiation was not able to be observed . On B3 specimen , a large crack visible to the naked eye initiated , and its length ...
... observed on B3 , B4 and V2 specimens after final unloading of compressive load . On the other specimens , crack initiation was not able to be observed . On B3 specimen , a large crack visible to the naked eye initiated , and its length ...
Page 151
... observed easily . In order to measure strains , latticed lines were scribed on the side surface at intervals of 5mm , and strain gauges were put at the center on both surfaces of the specimen . 170 10 5 2 100 110 Figure 19 shows the ...
... observed easily . In order to measure strains , latticed lines were scribed on the side surface at intervals of 5mm , and strain gauges were put at the center on both surfaces of the specimen . 170 10 5 2 100 110 Figure 19 shows the ...
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alloys analysis applied approximately assessment bending calculated carried coating compared composite compressive considered corrosion crack crack growth curve cycles damage defect deformation depth determined developed direction distribution effect element Engineering equation estimated evaluation experience factor failure fatigue field Figure flaw flexible fracture function geometry given Grade heat higher hydrogen important increase initial installation insulation integrity International joint length limit load locations lower material maximum mean measured mechanical method observed obtained Offshore operation parameters performed pipe plate predicted present pressure problem procedure production properties range reliability residual resistance respectively riser rope safety samples shown shows side simulation solution specimens standard steel strain strength stress structure surface Table temperature tensile tension thermal thickness titanium toughness uncertainties variables weld