and you will thereby subdue his bad temper. Bad children are made mainly by bad management.

Phrenology will also teach how effectually to employ the principle of divertion, or counteraction, that is, when you wish to subdue the action of a large and excited organ, how to divert the mind from the aggrieved object by calling into sudden and powerful action, and that without apparent design, another still larger organ, which may be exercised with impunity thus leaving the first-named faculty to cool off.

Nothing could delight the author more than the continuation of thes illustrations, but, having rendered the principle plain, want of room com pels him to drop the subject.

In the choice of nurses, servants, apprentices, partners, customers, friends, and especially companions for life,* the utility of phrenology is incalculable. But all these beneficial results, capable of being derived from an applica tion of the principles of phrenology, sink into insignificance, when com pared with its application to the modification, moulding, and formation of the minds and characters of children, and indeed of every individual in reference to himself. To state this principle is all that can be done here; its full elucidation requires, and will probably receive, an entire chapter, or perhaps volume.

The principle is this. Every faculty has its own appropriate aliment and stimulant, by the presentation of which it is excited, and its organ thereby enlarged, and by the removal of which its action is diminished, and its size thereby reduced. By teaching us the true nature and proper aliment of every faculty, and thus how to excite and how to allay each at pleasureby distinctly pointing out first the excess or defect, and then the remedy, phrenology directs us how to change their relative power, and thus how to produce perfect and well-balanced characters and intellects,† which is the greatest of all other desiderata.

It is a well-established principle of phrenology that the more evenly and uniformly the organs are developed and balanced, the more harmonious and perfect, and the less liable to sin and excess, will be the character and conduct; and also that the larger an organ becomes, the more delight is taken in its exercise, and the greater is its tendency to spontaneous activity, which re-augments the size, and this again re-increases the activity; and also that the smaller an organ becomes, the less pleasure is found in its exercise; the less frequently is it called into action, and the more it remains quiescent, this inactivity rendering still smaller, illustrating the Scripture doctrine, that "to him that hath shall be given, and he shall have more abundantly, but from him that hath not, shall be taken away even that which he hath.” Thus the natural tendency is for the large organs to become still larger, and the small ones smaller-the very reverse of what should take place. Now, by teaching us what organs are already too large, and thus liable to become still larger, and also what is calculated to excite, and thus still further to enlarge them, the absence of which will allow them to remain at rest, and thereby to become smaller, and also what will excite the smaller organs, and thus supply defects, or in other words, by teaching the nature and the laws

*See an article "on the application of phrenology in the formation of narriages" in No. 7, vol. II., of April, 1840, of the American Phrenological Journal.

This train of remark, by showing that mankind have the formation oftheir own characters at least, in part, in their own keeping, effectually obviates the objection, that phrenology leads to fatalism, and does away with human accountabilky

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of action of each faculty, that is, how to excite and how to allay them, how to cultivate feeble ones and bring down predominant ones, phrenology will direct us how we may mould the budding, and modify the already matured, character and talents, almost at pleasure. Is not this an object of the utmost moment?

A fact or two in illustration of this point, is all that our limits will allow Mr. Robert McGrugan, of Milton, Pa., was publicly examined by the author, in 1836, and described as having very large eventuality, and a strong mind. He was reputed to have the best memory, and to be the best read man, in that county. In 1836, he called upon the writer to state the means by which he acquired his extraordinary powers of memory, requestmg me to use it "pro bono publico," and especially for the good of young men. He said that at twenty-five, his memory was most miserable. If he went from his house to his shop for any thing, he usually forgot what he went for. If he went to town, he forgot most of his errands. He could aot recollect any thing he read or heard, neither names, nor words, nor dates, for facts. At length he resolved no longer to submit to this forgetfulness, But to discipline his mind, in doing which he adopted the following method. When he wanted any thing from his house, he would think over and over h his mind what it was that he wanted, thus exercising his eventuality upon it, and thereby remembered it. He would read a passage and re-read it, and then think it over and over, or in phrenological language, would exercise his eventuality upon it, strongly impressing it upon that faculty. He would then lay by his book, but still revolve it in his mind, and then read another passage, and go through the same process in reference to both together, and so on with the entire book; thus constantly exercising his eventuality. After a little, he could keep the history of two books, and then of three, and four, each clearly before his mind at once, and carry them along in his memory as he read them.

But he found that he forgot names. He pursued the same course in reference to this kind of memory, and thus improved it also. But he found that he forgot where on the page he left off, and was obliged to turn down a leaf. This would not do. He each time impressed upon his locality where he left off, and that in each book, and shortly found this kind of memory likewise improved. He also exercised his causality in philosophizing upon what he read. Now if phrenology be true, his organs of eventuality, locality, language, &c., must have been small, but they are now all remarkably large, showing their increase by exercise, and he informed me that now, at sixty years of age, his mind is more vigorous, and his memory more retentive, than ever before--that it still goes on improving, though at his age all kinds of memory are usually feeble, and still declining.

Let it be observed, that he took the very method for the increase of organs pointed out by phrenology, namely, the vigorous exercise of the very powers he wished to improve.

Reader, only apply the principle here stated to the cultivation of your O memory of faces, of places, of history, of words, of names, &c., and you will want no other evidence of the utility of phrenology.

In 1836, a young gentleman of considerable intelligence, stated that when a boy, he had a school-mate of exactly his size, age, and height, whose clothes and hat perfectly fitted him; that when of the proper age, his

too small over the temples, whilst his hat pinched the forehead of the cadet, but was loose over constructiveness; thus showing an increase of the intellectual organs, and particularly the reflective, in the cadet, whose studies called these faculties into powerful action, and an increase of constructiveness in the head of the mechanic.

I have always found eventuality very large in Jews. They were required to tell the Lord's doings to their children and grand-children, in doing which, they powerfully exercise their eventuality. The same is true of the North American Indians, who perpetuate their history in the memories of the rising race. The early mental education of children should consist mainly in telling them stories, showing them things, phenomena, &c., of which they are extremely fond, instead of wasting their time and health on books and artificial learning. Parents, not hirelings, should be teachers. Weight, though generally a small organ, is invariably large in experienced seamen, in billiard-players, those who manage machinery, and who shoot much, the increased size in these cases being caused by its exercise. Is acquisitiveness weak in your child, give him money and things to keep as his own, and often recur to them as his, and as to be saved for future use. Is this organ too large, contrive to employ the others, and remove from it the excitements to action. Is conscientiousness weak, first learn the precise function of the faculty, and then make frequent appeals to it, and so of every other faculty.

The author feels that he has not done this subject justice, nor can he do so without dwelling more in detail upon the primary function of the respective faculties, and the precise kind of treatment required to excite and allay them. He might adduce any number of additional facts in illustration of this principle, but his limits are full. He will therefore devote a long chapter in a subsequent work, or else an entire work, to the elucidation of this most important subject, taking up each faculty separately, and the means of strengthening it, both as applicable to the education of child. ren, and to the improvement of one's own mind and character.

But after all, to reap these advantages in full, one must study phrenology for himself, and apply it in the daily management of his own mind.

Let it be remembered, that we have but glanced at only a few of the beneficial results to be derived from the study and application of phrenology, and that it applies to man in all his physical, moral, and intellectual relations, both to his fellow-men, and to his God. But even in this view of the subject, its importance far outweighs that of all the other sciences put together, and demands the serious investigation of every parent, every philanthropist, every Christian, and every scholar.

Should it be objected, that few have the leisure or the talent successfully to prosecute this science far enough to pluck these golden fruits, I reply 1. By having a phrenological bust standing upon your mantel, you can improve many an odd, and otherwise lost minute in noticing the position of organs, in making one observation here and another there, upon friends and ever upon strangers. Go where you will, you can never be at a loss for subjects and materials. You have only to open your eyes, and read as Thus, in two or three years, without losing one minute's time, you will have accumulated an amount of phrenological knowledge which you would not part with upon any consideration, and begin to reap all the advantages here stated. 2. Children can learn and understand phrenology very young. They are naturally fond of it, and might grow up phreno ogists, and form their own characters by it.

you run.