NASA Reference Publication, Issue 1254National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1977 - Astronautics |
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Page 7
... laminate with no interlocking between layers . Helical filament winding , which is directional , results in continuous , adjacent layer interlocking . Multilayer lock- ing is achieved through complex weaving patterns or yarn placement ...
... laminate with no interlocking between layers . Helical filament winding , which is directional , results in continuous , adjacent layer interlocking . Multilayer lock- ing is achieved through complex weaving patterns or yarn placement ...
Page 9
... laminating techniques . The starting material is usually a prepregged # fabric or yarn . These precursor materials are staged nominally at ~ 100 ° C to achieve the desired degree of tack and flow of the resin . A laminate is then ...
... laminating techniques . The starting material is usually a prepregged # fabric or yarn . These precursor materials are staged nominally at ~ 100 ° C to achieve the desired degree of tack and flow of the resin . A laminate is then ...
Page 10
... laminate in a mold and is autoclave - cured . Once cured , the part is pyrolyzed to form a carbon matrix surrounding the graphite fibers . The part is then densified by multiple furfural alcohol reimpregnations and pyrolyzations . The ...
... laminate in a mold and is autoclave - cured . Once cured , the part is pyrolyzed to form a carbon matrix surrounding the graphite fibers . The part is then densified by multiple furfural alcohol reimpregnations and pyrolyzations . The ...
Page 65
... laminate for equal laminate masses 10 ∞ 6 2 35 percent hollow fibers 0 .02 .04 78.5 percent hollow fibers .06 .08 .10 Fiber wall thickness - to - diameter ratio Figure 17. Theoretical bending stiffness for laminate reinforced by hollow ...
... laminate for equal laminate masses 10 ∞ 6 2 35 percent hollow fibers 0 .02 .04 78.5 percent hollow fibers .06 .08 .10 Fiber wall thickness - to - diameter ratio Figure 17. Theoretical bending stiffness for laminate reinforced by hollow ...
Page 93
... laminate theory approach . Geometric unit cells defining the fabric structure ( or fiber architecture ) can be identified and quantified to form a basis for the analysis . For 2 - D woven fabric - reinforced composites , Dow et al ...
... laminate theory approach . Geometric unit cells defining the fabric structure ( or fiber architecture ) can be identified and quantified to form a basis for the analysis . For 2 - D woven fabric - reinforced composites , Dow et al ...
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Common terms and phrases
3-D braid alignment anisotropic applications approximately basal planes bonding borate borate glasses carbon fibers ref carbon matrix Carbon-Carbon Composites CC composites CC materials Chemical Vapor Deposition Composite Materials compressive strength cracks crystallites densification density effective elastic modulus fiber architecture fiber axis fiber bundle fiber surface fiber-reinforced filament geometry graphite heat treatment high modulus high temperatures high-performance impregnation increase interface isotropic knit laminate layer planes matrix matrix composites matrix material mechanical properties mesophase pitch method microcracks microstructure noncircular outer coating oxidation oxygen PAN fibers PAN precursor fiber PAN-based carbon fibers PAN-based fibers percent phenolic pitch matrix pitch-based carbon fibers pitch-based fibers polymer preform pressure produce pyrolysis pyrolytic carbon rayon reinforced resin result shear strength shown in figure SiO2 stiffness structure substrate techniques tensile modulus tensile strength thermal expansion thermoset thickness transverse unit cell weave woven yarn
Popular passages
Page 102 - Processing-Proceedings of 1987 International SAMPE Metals Conference, August 18-21, 1987. Bibliography A. Chou, TW; and Ko, FK: Textile Structural Composites . Elsevier, 1988. B. Hearle, JWS; Grosberg, P.; and Backer, S.: Structural Mechanics of Fibers, Yarns nd Fabrics. John Wiley & Sons, 1969. C. Kaswel, ER: Wellington-Sears Handbook of Industrial Textiles. West Point Pepperell, Inc., 1963. D. Klein, AJ: Which Way to Weave. Adv. Mater. & Process., vol. 2, no. 3, 1986, pp. 40-43.
Page 72 - On the basis of structural integrity and fiber linearity and continuity, fiber architecture can be classified into four categories: discrete, continuous, planar interlaced (2-D), and fully integrated (3-D) structures. In table I, the nature of the various levels of fiber architecture is summarized (ref.
Page 8 - In the thermal gradient technique (fig. 9), the part to be infiltrated is supported by a mandrel that is inductively heated. Therefore, the hottest portion of the substrate is the inside surface, which is in direct contact with the mandrel. The outer surface of the low-density substrate is exposed to a cooler environment and results in a temperature gradient through the substrate thickness. Surface crusting is eliminated because the deposition rate is greater on the heated fibers near the mandrel,...
Page 14 - Bokros, JC: Deposition, Structure, and Properties of Pyrolytic Carbon.
Page 84 - Brochier (ref. 12), and SEP (ref. 13) and in Japan by Fukuta of the Research Institute for Polymers and Textiles (refs. 14 and 15). The structural geometries resulting from the various processing techniques are shown in figure 15 (ref. 16). Figures 16(a) and 16(b) show the single bundle XYZ fabrics in a rectangular and cylindrical shape. Figure 16(c) demonstrates the multiple-yarn bundle possibilities in the various directions; figure 16(d) shows the multidirectional reinforcement in the 3-D structure...
Page 95 - In this way, four inclined, unidirectional laminae formed a unit cell. Using classical laminate theory, the elastic moduli then can be expressed in terms of the laminae properties. From the preform processing science aspect, Ko et al. (ref. 45) developed a fabric geometric model (FGM) based on the unit cell geometry shown in figure 26. The stiffness of a 3-D braided composite was considered to be the sum of stiffnesses of all its laminae. The unique feature of the FGM is its ability to handle 3-D...
Page 73 - A discrete fiber system such as a whisker or fiber mat has no material continuity; the orientation of the fibers is difficult to control precisely, although some aligned discrete fiber systems have recently been introduced. The structural integrity of the fibrous preform is derived mainly from inter-fiber friction. The strength translation efficiency, or the fraction of fiber strength translated to the non-aligned fibrous assembly of the reinforcement system, is quite low.
Page 88 - The major distinctions of these fabrics are the linearity of the bias yarns, the number of axes, and the precision of the stitching process.
Page 251 - ... to 1 14). Figure 14 shows the type of forced-flow thermal gradient arrangement currently being used for rapid CVI within deposition chambers at General Atomics. Temperature Limitations Current Coatings Although actual temperature limitations on the coatings currently being used for CC oxidation protection will vary depending on specific operating conditions and component performance requirements, general guidelines can be established based on experimental observations and the known thermochemical...