Tick Paralysis: An Appraisal of Natural and Experimental Data

appeared became paralyzed blood British Columbia caused paralysis chelicerae collected death Dermacentor andersoni Dermacentor andersoni Stiles died disease dogs donor effect eggs engorging Entomol fed ticks female ticks Gregson guinea pigs hamsters holocyclus host Hughes and Philip humans Hyalomma hypostome incidence of paralysis injected isolated Ixodes Ixodes ricinus Jellison Kamloops laboratory lambs large numbers legs livestock male mated membrane mesenteric membrane mice mouthparts Murnaghan muscle Neitz normal numbers of ticks observed Ornithodoros paralysis occurred paralyzed animals paralyzing ticks partly fed perfusion prefed rabbits recipient marmot recorded recovery reported Rhipicephalus ricinus Rocky Mountain saline saliva salivary glands secretion serum sheep similar skin species of ticks splenect Splenectomized study of tick subcutaneously susceptible symptoms temperature tests tick activity tick feeding tick paralysis tick saliva tick toxin tick virulence tick was removed tick-infested tick's ticks attached Ticks removed tissue toxic toxin transferred tube tularemia Vavenby Wilkinson Wolbachia