ever; but language.

among that little was the Latin

It was through the door of that language that the young dreamer was introduced into the broad domains of history, where he could range at will through the ⚫ immortal past. History relates nothing so spirit-stirring as the struggles of some bold patriot to overthrow or resist arbitrary power. Hence, the young student of history is always a republican.

When just entering upon manhood, Kossuth went to Pesth, the capital, to study the legal profession. Here he entered the office of a notary, and began gradually to make himself known by his liberal opinions, and the fervid eloquence with which he set forth and maintained them. Men soon began to see in him the promise of a powerful public writer, orator, and debater.

Kossuth, having completed his legal studies, and finding no favorable opening in the capital, returned, in 1830, to his native district, and commenced the practice of law, with much success. He also began to make his way toward public life by his assiduous attendance and intelligent action in the local assemblies.

A new Diet was assembled in 1832, and he received a commission to fill the place of an absentee. In this position his duties were more those of a counsel than of a delegate; however, it was a post much sought for by young and aspiring lawyers,

as it

gave them an opportunity of mastering legal forms, displaying their abilities, and forming advantageous connections.

Kossuth early made himself known as a debater, and gradually won his way upward, and became associated with the leading men of the liberal party. He soon undertook to publish a report of the debates and proceedings of the Diet. This attempt was opposed, and a law proclaimed, which forbade such a publication.

For a while he evaded the law by having his sheet lithographed; but his presses were soon seized by the Government. Determined not to be baffled, he employed a large number of scribes, and had his journal written out. Then, to avoid seizure in the post-office, they were circulated by private couriers,

This was a period of intense excitement on the part of Kossuth. He attended the meetings of the Diet, and the conferences of the deputies, edited his paper, read almost all the works on politics and political economy, besides studying French and English, that he might be able to read the debates in the French Chambers and the British Parliament. During this time it is said that he allowed himself but three hours' sleep in the twenty-four.

Though twice admonished by Government to discontinue his journal, it was still sent forth, penetrating every part of the kingdom. So great was the influence thus exerted toward liberty, that the Government finally determined to crush it entirely. Accordingly, on the 4th of May, 1837, while Kossuth was walking in the vicinity of the fortress of Buda, he was seized, thrust within the walls of a dark, damp dungeon, where he was confined for three long years.

Kossuth was now regarded as a martyr to the liberty of speech; and his imprisonment did much for the cause of freedom. Liberal subscriptions were raised throughout the country for the benefit of his mother and sisters, who were dependent on his exertions for support. His patriotic fellow-laborers did not work upon the public mind, and when he at length was released from his unwholesome dungeon, he found his countrymen ready for the work of self-deliverance.

cease to

Among those who were inspired with admiration for his political efforts, and with sympathy for his fate, was Theresa Mezlenyi, the young daughter of a nobleman. She sent him books, and corresponded with him during his imprisonment. În 1841, soon after his liberation, they were married.

He issued from prison in 1840, bearing in his debilitated frame, his pallid face, and glassy eyes, traces of severe sufferings, both of mind and body. He repaired for a time to a watering-place among the mountains to recruit his shattered health. He mingled but little with the society there, but preferred to wander among the forest-clad hills and lonely valleys. was evident that mighty thoughts were revolving in his mind."

It

Soon after his liberation, he became the principal editor of the "Pesth Gazette," which a bookseller, who enjoyed the protection of the Government, had received permission to establish. The name of the editor was now sufficient to electrify the country; and Kossuth at once stood forth as the advocate of the right of the lower and middle classes.

In 1847 he was elected a member of the National Assembly for the city of Pesth. No sooner did he take his seat in the Diet than the foremost place was conceded to him, and he became at once the champion of his country's cause. He roused the whole nation to a sense of its wrongs, and demanded from Austria a restoration of the rights of the Hungarian people. He claimed her old Constitution, which had been wrested from them long years before.

He sought no new privileges; he only demanded that the old degree of independence should be restored to Hungary. He carried the Assembly with him. A deputation was appointed to wait upon the Emperor, of which Kossuth was the leading member. The Emperor yielded; the Constitution was conceded, the Cabinet appointed, and its life and soul was Louis Kossuth.

The tidings of this event were proclaimed amidst the wildest transports of joy; and every house in Vienna blazed with the illumination of rejoicings. Never had so great a work been accomplished in so short a time. Never had one man shone forth so proudly preeminent as Kossuth, through all this struggle.

But this joy did not long continue. Ferdinand proved treacherous, and set himself at work to destroy the laws he had sworn to support. He revoked his own acts, and plunged into a war with the country whose independence he had but just confirmed.

Kossuth became again the soul of the contest. His clarion voice summoned the millions of his native land to the defense of their rights. His genius organized, disciplined, and wielded their armies. Courage, method and power sprung up at his word. Victory waited upon his steps, and a final triumph seemed within grasp.

Russia now poured forth her hosts to the aid of Austria in crushing the liberty of Hungary. Still the struggle continued, and Hungary was yet victorious. At last she fell, not in open war, but through the purchased treason of one of her sons. Kossuth and his companions fled. They entered the Turkish empire, and threw themselves upon the hospitality of the Sultan, who promised them a safe asylum.

Austria and Russia demanded that the fugitives should be given up; and for some months it was uncertain whether the Turkish government would dare to refuse. At length the exiles were asked to abjure the faith of their fathers, and embrace the Mohammedan religion, when they would have a right to claim the protection of the Government. Kossuth refused to purchase his life at such a price.

Finally they were cast into prison at Kutayeh. Nations wept over the fate of Hungary, and the sympathies of millions in Europe and America went with Kossuth and his companions to their Turkish prison. At length, through the interposition of the United States and the British Government, these imprisoned exiles were set at liberty, and conveyed from the Turkish dominion, and beyond the savage ferocity of Austria, on board the United States steam-frigate Mississippi, which was sent out for that purpose by our government.

Kossuth and his companions have been borne to America, where the noble champion of Liberty is welcomed with a warmer and more enthusiastic reception than any man who has ever approached our shores, saving only the time when La Fayette was our nation's honored guest. He comes to us as the exiled representative of those fundamental principles upon which our political institutions are based.

He is the living leader of a lost cause. His country is ruined, its nationality destroyed. Yet his efforts have not been wholly lost. The tree which he planted in blood, and agony, and tears, though its tender shoots have been trampled down, will yet spring up again, to gladden, if not his heart, yet those of his children or his children's children. The man may perish, but the cause will endure.

There is no man living whom the ty

rants and oppressors of Europe's millions regard with greater dread and deeper hatred, than Kossuth; and none to whom the oppressed and down-trodden of the old world look with more confidence and hope of success in the cause of liberty, than to this noble Hungarian-this eloquent expounder and able defender of human freedom-this Washington of the nineteenth century.

THE NOBLE MARINER.

BY REV. JAMES GILBORNE LYONS, LL. D.

Most readers of these lines will remember that, when the ship Ocean Monarch was burned off Liverpool, on the 24th of August, 1848, FREDERICK JEROME of New York saved fifteen lives, by an act of singular courage and benevolence. They will also lament that one so ready to help others should himself perish by violence. He was killed in Central America, in the autumn of 1851.

SHOUT the noble seaman's name,
Deeds like his belong to fame:
Cottage roof and kingly dome,
Sound the praise of brave JEROME.
Let his acts be told and sung,
While his own high Saxon tongue,
Herald meet for worth sublime,
Peals from conquer'd clime to clime.
Madly roll'd the giant wreck,
Fiercely blaz'd the riven deck,
Thick and fast as falling stars,
Crash'd the flaming blocks and spars;
Loud as surf, when winds are strong,
Wail'd the scorch'd and stricken throng,
Gazing on a rugged shore,
Fires behind, and seas before.

On the charred and reeling prow,
Reft of hope they gather now,
Finding, one by one, a grave,
In the vex'd and sullen wave:
Here the child, as if in sleep,
Floats on waters dark and deep;
There the mother sinks below,
Shrieking in her mighty woe.
Britons, quick to strive or feel,
Join'd with chiefs of rich Brazil;
Western freemen, prompt to dare,
Side by side with Bourbon's heir;
Proving who could then excel,
Came with succor long and well;
But JEROME, in peril nurs'd,
Shone among the foremost--FIRST.

TH

spray,

Through the reddened surge and
Fast he cleaves his troubled way,
Boldly climbs and stoutly clings,
On the smoking timber springs,
Fronts the flames, nor fears to stand
In that lorn and weeping band;
Looks on death, nor tries to shun,
Till his work of love is done.

Glorious man!-immortal work!
Claim thy hero, proud New York:
Harp of him when feasts are spread,
Tomb him with thy valiant dead.
Who, that, bent on just renown,
Seeks a Christian's prize and crown,
Would not spurn whole years of life,
For one hour of such a strife?

THE FOUNTAIN OF KNOWLEDGE. HE following beautiful extract we commend to the careful attention of every young man and young woman, entreating them to seek the fountain of knowledge, and bathe the immortal mind in its life-giving waters:

One fountain there is, whose deep-lying vein has only just begun to throw up its silver drops among mankind; a fountain which will allay the thirst of millions, and will give to those who drink from it peace and joy. It is knowledge-the fountain of intellectual cultivation, which gives health to mankind, makes clear the vision, brings joy to life, and breathes over the soul's destiny a deep repose.

Go and drink therefrom, thou whom fortune has not favored, and thou wilt soon find thyself rich! Thou mayest go forth into the world, and find thyself everywhere at home. Thou canst cultivate thy mind in thy own little chamber: books are thy friends, they are ever around thee, and carry on wise conversation with thee: nature, antiquity, heaven, are accessible to thee! The industrious kingdom of the ant, the works of man, the rainbow, and music's sweet chords, offer to thy soul hospitality.

"That education which will secure to the future the civilization of the past and present, is what the country requires."

N the Seal of Louisiana is represented a pelican feeding her young, while she assumes the attitude of protection and defense. They all share alike her maternal assiduity. The mother bird is here emblematic of the General Government of the Union, while the birds in the nest represent the several States.

Above the nest are the scales of JUSTICE, emblematic of the device below, and denoting that such is the watchful care and guardianship which the Government of the Union is bound to bestow alike upon all the members of the confederacy. In the lower part of the Seal is the motto, UNION AND CONFIDENCE.

Louisiana is one of the States bordering on the Gulf of Mexico, which bounds it on the south. Texas forms its western boundary, Arkansas and Mississippi its northern, and Mississippi its eastern. It is about 340 miles long from east to west, and about 230 miles wide. It contains 46,431 square miles.

This state comprises the southern part of an immense territory which formerly

belonged successively to France and Spain. It was first settled by the French at Iberville, in 1699. In 1762 it was ceded to Spain, and remained in her possession until 1800, when it was granted back to France. In 1803 it was purchased by the Government of the United States, for $15,000,000.

This purchase was made during the administration of Mr. Jefferson, and for it he was severely censured by the Federal party; yet it proved to be of vast importance to our country, adding immensely to the security, wealth and prosperity of the nation. By this purchase the territory of the United States was more than doubled, for it included all that portion of the country lying west of the Mississippi, extending to Mexico and to the Pacific Ocean.

The portion of this territory now forming the State of Louisiana, established a separate territorial government in 1804, called the "Territory of Orleans." In 1812 it was admitted into the Union, as a state, under the name that it now bears.

The State of Louisiana is divided into