president; John Farmer, Esq., Concord, secretary. Committee for publishing fourth volume, Hon. Wm. Prescott, Rev. N. Bouton, John Farmer; orator for 1832, John Kelly, Esq. Number of members, 50.

VERMONT.

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION.-The money raised by the general law for the support of schools, at three per cent. on the grand list, (the valuation of taxes,) would be between 50,000 dollars and 60,000 dollars; and about as much more is supposed to be raised by school district taxes. The State has a literary fund, derived principally from a tax of six per cent. on the annual profits of the banks; the amount on loan in September, 1829, was $23,763 32. The number of district schools in 1831, was about 2,400. The whole number of persons in Vermont, in 1830, between five and twenty years inclusive, was 104,850. This would give about 43 scholars to each school district. Probably the average number who attend school in each district, is less than 30. The legislature applied to the school fund in 1832, $9,586. The commissioners of this fund, are Benjamin F. Deming of Dauville, Jacob Collamer of Royalton, William Page of Rutland, and Zadock Thompson of Burlington.

ACADEMIES AND HIGH SCHOOLS.-The whole number of academies and high schools is about 35. A part are incorporated; a number are not now in operation. We are not able to furnish a complete list.

Brandon select school. Number of scholars, February, 1833, 116, of whom 30 are ladies. Terms for all studies except the languages, $3; for the Latin, Greek, or French languages, $4. Mr. Chauncey B. Taylor is principal. Baptist institution in Brandon. The trustees of the 'Vermont literary and scientific institution,' at a late meeting, selected the ground on which the building for the male department of the institution is to be placed, and purchased a substantial dwelling-house and about 30 acres of land, immediately connected with the site given by the inhabitants of Brandon. An individual has given the trustees a lease of a workshop and water privileges for twenty years, rent free. It is proposed to raise a subscription of $10,000, and to have a male and female institution in separate buildings, at some distance from each other. The inhabitants of Brandon have agreed to erect and finish one of the edifices, 100 by 40 feet, three stories high. A very flourishing female seminary has been for some time in operation in Middlebury, under the superintendence of Miss Cooke, formerly of Vergennes. In the same place is a classical institution for lads, in some sense preparatory to Middlebury college, though entirely distinct from it. At Burlington there are several schools of an established character; at Chelsea, a high school; at Royalton, a female school under the care of Miss Washburn; at Norwich, opposite Dartmouth college, the Methodists are intending to establish a literary institution; at Chester there is one of the oldest academies in the State, with a commodious brick building, well situated; at Randolph is the 'Orange county grammar school,' under the care of Timothy G. Brainerd as permanent principal instructor; tuition, $2 50 a quarter, and board from $1 to $150 a week; at Springfield, is the Springfield village school, under the care of Homer H. Stewart, a graduate of Middlebury college. The Craftsbury academy has a large and commodious building, and a valuable apparatus; Mr. Hosmer, principal, and Miss Sabin the charge of the female department; tuition, $3 a quarter; board from $1 to $1 25 a week; instruction is given in music. The Bennington academy has been for some time an important seminary in the south-western part of the State. At Manchester, in Bennington county, about twenty miles north of Bennington, is the 'Burr Seminary,' founded by the late Joseph Burr, Esq. Mr. Burr bequeathed $10,000 for this object, on condition that $10,000 additional, should be raised within a definite period. The sum has been raised. From a prospectus of the institution, just published, we quote the following sentences:

The seminary is to be opened with public exercises on the 15th day of May, 1833, and instruction is to commence on the day following, under the charge of the Rev. Lyman Coleman, principal, and John Aiken, Esq., associate principal.

"The course of instruction will include the mathematics and the several

branches of a thorough English education; together with the Latin, Greek, and Hebrew languages, and generally all the branches necessary for admission into any of our colleges. Such as are denied the higher privileges of a collegiate education, may be conducted through a more extended course, preparatory to their entering directly upon professional studies. The Bible, also, will be the distinct object of study, and on the Sabbath and other suitable occasions, familiar instruction will be given on morals and religion.

'The expenses of the institution will be, for tuition in the ordinary English branches, $3 a quarter, or $12 a year; and in the higher mathematics, philosophy, and the ancient classics, $4 a quarter, or $16 a year;-for room rent $1 50 a quarter, or $6 a year; and for board and washing, the cost, not exceeding $1 25 a week, exclusive of fuel and light. Payment is to be made quarterly; for which satisfactory security will be expected on admission to the seminary.

'The means furnished by the institution, toward defraying these expenses, consist, in the first place, of the income of the charity fund; that is, the interest of $10,000 bequeathed by Mr. Burr, which will enable the board to furnish instruction gratuitously, to thirty-eight pupils; and to this the number of their beneficiaries, at present, is necessarily limited. In the distribution of this charity, reference is to be had to the indigence of the applicants, and their promise of usefulness in the ministry, without regard to any religious denomination. And on making application, they will be expected to furnish the same testimonials of their indigence and Christian character, as are required by the American Education Society. Application may be made to either of the following gentlemen, members of the executive committee, to wit: Rev. Mr. Jackson of Dorset, Rev. Mr. Coleman, Rev. Mr. Anderson, and John Aiken, Esq., of Manchester.

'A more important and efficient aid, it is believed, will be derived from the labor of the students. For the purpose of agricultural labor, a lot of about thirty acres of land is attached to the institution, a considerable part of which will be appropriated to tillage and gardening. Provision has also been made for the erection of a workshop, to be furnished with valuable machinery, propelled by a water power, and affording important facilities for the successful prosecution of various branches of mechanical labor. The steward of the seminary is himself an experienced and skillful mechanic, and it will be his duty to superintend the operations of the shops, to make the necessary contracts, to instruct the inexperienced, and to make arrangements for the profitable employment of all during the hours of labor.'

COLLEGES AND HIGHER SEMINARIES.—Middlebury college. This college was incorporated in 1800. It is pleasantly situated in Middlebury, a town of 3,468 inhabitants, in Addison county, 32 miles south of Burlington, 32 north of Rutland, and 51 south-west of Montpelier. The college buildings are two in number, one of wood, three stories high, containing a chapel and 20 rooms for students; the other, a spacious edifice of stone, 108 feet by 40, four stories high, containing 48 rooms for students. The buildings are on an elevation of 342 feet above lake Champlain. The funds of the college are not large, having been derived entirely from individual donations. The board of trustees, styled the 'president and fellows of Middlebury college,' is not limited as to numbers. This college holds an important rank among the seminaries of the land. It has been distinguished, perhaps, above all others for the enjoyment of special divine influences. The first president was Rev. Jeremiah Atwater, D. D., from 1800 to 1809. Rev. Henry Davis, D. D., from 1810 to 1817. Rev. Joshua Bates, D. D., the present incumbent, was inducted into office in 1818. The board of trustees now consists of 25 members, 12 laymen and 13 clergymen; 21 residents in the State, and 4 elsewhere. The faculty are,—

Rev. Joshua Bates, D. D., president.

Rev. John Hough, professor of languages.

Rev. Wm. C. Fowler, Burr professor of chemistry and natural history.
Edward Turner, Painter professor of mathematics and natural philosophy.
Wm. H. Parker, tutor and librarian.

A convenient mechanical shop has been erected, and furnished with appropri

ate tools; and a mechanical association formed among the students, for the purpose of obtaining regular and profitable exercise. The usual expenses of a liberal education are considerably diminished by the ample library of the Beneticent society, from which indigent students are gratuitously furnished with text-books; and other students at a small expense. The tuition is $20, and the average board (in private families) $1 25 a week, amounting to $50 per annum. The whole expense is about $86. Those students who desire it, have assistance in pursuing studies not required by the laws of college, such as the Hebrew and French languages. The course of study does not vary materially from that pursued at other colleges.

University of Vermont at Burlington. This institution was incorporated and established at Burlington, in 1791, but did not go into operation till 1800. It is finely situated on the east side of the village, a mile distant from lake Champlain, on ground elevated 245 feet above the surface of the water, and commanding an extensive and delightful prospect, embracing a view of the lake with the high mountains beyond on the west, and the Green mountains on the east. A large college edifice of brick, which was completed in 1801, was consumed by fire in 1824; since which time three brick edifices have been erected, two of them containing rooms for students, the other a chapel and other public rooms. The university possesses considerable endowments, consisting principally of lands. Burlington is the most important commercial town in Vermont. It is 38 miles west of Montpelier, and 100 south of Montreal. Its population in 1830, was 5,525. The following are the faculty of the university:

Rev. James Marsh, D. D., president.

George W. Benedict, professor of natural history, chemistry, &c.
Rev. Joseph Torrey, professor of languages.

George Huntington, professor of mathematics and natural philosophy.

The course of instruction at this seminary is remarkably intelligent and thorough. Though the distinction of classes is preserved, yet the main part of the instruction is carried on by subjects—that is, all in the institution study the Latin language, for instance, together. Entire authors are used, rather than extracts, and compends. A rigorous examination, of several weeks continuation, is held in the summer. We quote the following extracts from a circular, lately issued by President Marsh. It is important, as showing the comparative state of education in the different counties of the State, and as a reason why the Vermont university has not received a larger patronage:

They are ascertained by an examination of the recent catalogues of the several colleges named in the table, and probably present a fair average of the number in colleges for a period of four years. There may be some few students indeed in other colleges out of the State, whose catalogues were not at hand, but not enough it is presumed materially to affect the result. The annexed table exhibits at one view the number from the several counties in each of the college, and the whole number from each county. At the bottom is seen the number from the State in each of the several colleges, and the sum of the whole. In the two last columns are the population of the several counties, and the ratio of students to population in each.

Dart- Wil- Bow- Am-1 Univ'y|Middle- Tot. in No. in- No. inhabit's mouth liams. doin. herst. Yale. Vt. bury. each co. habit's to 1 student.

302

1. From this table it appears, that of 174 students, 63, or something over onethird, go out of the State for their education.

2. That from the six southern counties with a population of 170,052, there are at college 136 students, and from the seven northern counties with a population of 116,656 only 38 students, while the same ratio with the southern would give them 93.

'3. That Addison and Rutland counties with a population of 56,235 educate 66, while a population of the same amount nearest to this university, including Chittenden, Grand Isle, Franklin, and a part of Washington, educate, but 17 students, and that those two counties alone educate nearly twice as many as all the northern counties, which according to the same ratio would educate 136. The last column shows in a striking degree also, the disparity in the ratio of inhabitants to students in these districts.

4. Of the 66 students from Addison and Rutland counties, 60 are at the college within their own limits. Did the corresponding district in the vicinity of this institution furnish students in the same ratio, and regard their local interests with the same zeal, the institution would now have from its own neighborhood 53 in addition to the 7 which it now has, aside from the effect of this in drawing students from abroad.

5. The friends and patrons of this institution may find in these facts a sufficient reason for the smallness of the number of students, and at the same time encouragement with regard to its future usefulness, if, with the increasing wealth and improvement in other respects of the northern counties of the State, such means are used, as surely ought to be used, to promote here the higher interests of education. These counties, though more recently settled, are certainly not inferior to any other part of the State in general enterprise, and the spirit of improvement, and it may be hoped will not be long behind in directing their attention and efforts to the advancement of education among them in all its departments.'

Medical school connected with the University of Vermont. Instruction is given by Drs. Lincoln, Sweetser, and Benedict.

Vermont academy of medicine at Castleton.

Clinical school of medicine at Woodstock. Connected with Waterville college, Maine, and with Middlebury college. The professors are,—

Joseph A. Gallup, M. D., physiology, pathology, &c.
Willard Parker, M. D., anatomy and surgery.

David Palmer, M. D., obstetrics, materia medica.
John De Wolfe, chemistry and botany.

The annual course of lectures commences on the first Tuesday of March, and continues 13 weeks. From four to six lectures are given daily. Fees for all the lectures, $40; graduation fee, $12; diploma,$3. Examinations for degrees are held at the close of the term by the faculty, assisted by a board of visitors appointed by the corporation of Middlebury college, and delegates from the Vermont medical society.

MASSACHUSETTS.

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION.-The following is the abstract of the school returns made to the general court, in January, 1833, from ninety-nine towns in the Commonwealth. Amount paid for public instruction during the year 1832, $98,086 43. Number of public school districts. 791. Aggregate time of keeping schools in the year, estimated in months; male teachers, 2,586; female teachers, 3,725. Whole number of pupils attending the schools kept by the towns in the course of the year, 49,582. Number of academies and private schools, 395. Number of pupils in academies and private schools not attending public schools, 8,284. Estimated amount of compensation of instructors of academies and private schools, $81,294 39. Number of persons over fourteen years, and under twentyone, not able to read and write, 10. The towns from which the returns are made are distributed in about equal proportions in the various counties of the State. The population of the whole State in 1830, was 610,014; of the 99 towns from which returns were made, 201,681. Whole number of towns and districts in the Commonwealth, 305; towns from which returns have been

received, 99; so that from one-third of the towns and nearly one-third of the population, returns have been received. The condition of the schools in the whole Commonwealth may, therefore, be thus stated:

1,185

24,852

$243,883 17

30

66

Total number of months..

Pupils in Public schools.

Cost of public instruction.

Number of academies and private schools..

Pupils in academies and private schools...

Pay of instructors of academies and private schools.
Number between 14 and 21 who can not read.

The amount of compensation paid to male instructors, by the month, is from $10 to $25. The average is probably about $15. Females are generally paid by the week, from 75 cents to $3, average, $1 25. The price of wages is higher in Worcester and the counties east, than it is in the four western counties. There is no school fund in this State. dehost Fund hat 18304

The number of public schools in Boston, in January, 1830, was as follows: 9 grammar and 9 writing schools; one Latin and one English high school for boys; 57 schools for children between four and seven years of age, and denominated primary schools; 2 schools in the house of industry, and one school denominated the house of reformation; the three last in South Boston, making together 80 public schools. The whole number of scholars at the above schools was 7,430. The total expense for the year 1829, of the public schools, was $65,500. The whole number of private schools in the city, was 155, the whole number of pupils, 4,018; the expense of tuition, &c., $107,702. The whole number of schools, public and private, was 235; whole number of pupils, 11,448; total amount for tuition, fuel, books, &c., $196,829 25.

ACADEMIES AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS.-The academy at Williamstown was incorporated in 1828; we have not learned its present condition. The Pittsfield female academy was incorporated in 1807. The Berkshire gymnasium was established in Pittsfield in 1827; it is under the care of the Rev. Chester Dewey, formerly professor in Williams college-he is assisted by a number of teachers in the English branches of education and in the languages; three large and elegant buildings have been erected on a commanding site north of the town; the whole expense of the board, tuition, &c., of lads, is from $195 to $250, according to their age. The Stockbridge academy was incorporated in 1828. The Lenox academy, incorporated in 1803, has prepared a large number of individuals for college, and is a very useful institution; the average number of scholars, 60 or 70; the Northfield academy has 107 students, and the annual expense for instruction, &c., is $800. At Greenfield is the 'Fellenburg institution,' under the instruction of Mr. James H. Coffin; the students are essentially aided by provisions for manual labor; Mr. Coffin is an experienced instructor. At the same place is a female seminary of considerable reputation, under the care of the Rev. Henry Jones. Deerfield academy is one of the oldest in the State, and was incorporated in 1797; it has a valuable chemical and philosophical apparatus. Amherst academy was incorporated in 1816, and is under the care of Rev. Simeon Colton; in the autumn, a class of school teachers is instructed; beneficiaries receive their tuition gratuitously; the number of scholars is from 90 to 120, all males; a class of 20 or 30 are fitted for college each year; it has been ever since its establishment one of the principal academies in the State. The operations of the Mount Pleasant classical institution in the same town, we believe, are for the present suspended; a change in its character is contemplated. In the same place is a flourishing female school under the care of Miss Hannah White. At Conway is a valuable private school, taught by Mr. John Clary. At Ashfield is an academy, called the 'Sanderson academy,' incorporated in 1821, not now in operation. At Hadley is

Shows that it has had a tract of land from the legislature, six miles square in Maine.