fund of the General Assembly. An additional instructor in oriental and biblical literature will probably be soon appointed. The studies of the first year are the following:-Original languages of the scriptures, sacred chronology and geography, biblical and profane history connected, Jewish antiquities, and exegetical theology. Second year: biblical criticism, didactic theology, ecclesiastical history, and Hebrew language. Third year: biblical and polemic theology, ecclesiastical history, church government, composition and delivery of sermons, pastoral care.

PENNSYLVANIA.

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION.-In 1682, William Penn published his Preface to the 'Frame of Government,' in which he says that, 'that which makes a good constitution must keep it, namely, men of wisdom and virtue, qualities, that, because they descend not with worldly inheritance, must be carefully propa. gated by a virtuous education of youth.' In the Frame' itself, he provides that the Governor and Provincial Council shall erect and order all public schools. The Constitution of the State, adopted in 1790, contains the following provision:-The Legislature, as soon as conveniently may be, shall provide by law for the establishment of schools throughout the State, in such manner that the poor may be taught gratis.' In April, 1831, an Act was passed providing for the establishment of a general system of education; it created a school fund,/s / appointed three commissioners to manage it, assigned to said fund all moneys due for unpatented lands secured to the State by mortgage or lien for purchase money, and all moneys for applications, warrants, and patents for lands, fees in the Land Office, and proceeds of a tax of one mill per dollar, laid March 25, 1831. The State Treasurer is to make an annual report of the amount received for the fund. The interest is to be added to the principal until the interest shall amount to $100,000 annually, after which the interest shall be annually distributed for support of schools. In 1730, there were at least 400,000 children in the State, between the ages of five and fifteen. Of these, not 150,000 were in all the schools in the State, during the preceding year.

ACADEMIES AND HIGH SCHOOLS.-We have compiled the following statements from two articles in Hazard's Register of Pennsylvania, of January 5th and 12th, 1833:

This institution was

COLLEGES AND HIGHER SEMINARIES.-Dickinson College. incorporated in 1783. It was established at Carlisle. In 1786, it received from the legislature $1,400; in 1788, a lot of land; in 1789, $12,000 by lottery; in 1791, $4,000; in 1795, $5,000; in 1803, the State lent $6,000 on mortage of lands; in 1806, $4,000 on a new mortgage; in 1819, the mortgage held by the State for $10,000 was canceled; in 1821, $10,000; in 1826, $3,000 annually for seven years. This institution is not now in existence.

Jefferson College, at Canonsburg. This institution was incorporated in 1802. It has received the following from the State: in 1806, $3,000; in 1821, $10,000 annually for five years; in 1826, $1,000 annually for four years; in 1832, $2,000 per annum for four years, six indigent students to be educated by this grant for four years; and after that, 24 to be prepared for school teachers. Canonsburg is in Washington county, 18 miles south-west of Pittsburg. The following are

the officers:

Matthew Brown, D. D., president.

John M'Millan, D. D., prof. theology.
James Ramsey, D. D., prof. Hebrew.

John H. Kennedy, prof. math. and nat. philosophy.
Jacob Green, M. D., prof. chemistry and nat. history.
William Smith, prof. languages.

George Marshall and George M. Hall, teachers.

Agreeably to a recent Act of the Legislature, provision is made for a thorough English and mercantile education, to qualify persons for teaching Common schools. Gratuitous instruction will be given to six applicants of this description. According to legislative enactment, preference will be given to citizens, and the sons of citizens of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

Medical Faculty of Jefferson College, located at Philadelphia. Nine trustees residing in Philadelphia are appointed to superintend the medical department, agreeably to a special Act of the Legislature. The professors are:

Granville S. Pattison, Esq., prof. anatomy.

George M'Clellan, M. D., prof. surgery.

John Revere, M. D., prof. theory and practice of medicine.
Samuel Calhoun, M. D., prof. materia medica and jurisprudence.

Jacob Green, M. D., prof. chemistry.

Samuel M'Clellan, M. D., prof. institutes, medicine, and obstetrics.

Washington College. This institution was incorporated in 1806. It is in Washington county, in the township of Washington, 26 miles south-west of Pittsburg. The college buildings can accommodate 150 students. It commenced operations under a new organization in 1830. A professorship of English literature was established, with a view to prepare young men to take charge of Common schools. The legislature appropriated $500 per annum to carry this design into effect. In addition to the grant mentioned, the legislature has given the college at different times, $9,000. The number of students is 119. The faculty and instructors are:

Rev. David M'Conaughy, president.

Rev. William P. Aldrich, prof. mathematics, &c. &c.

Rev. J. H. Agnew, prof. languages.

John L. Gow, Esq., prof. English literature, &c., &c.

Mr. Robert Fulton, assistant prof. languages.

Mr. James M'Lean, tutor of the grammar school.

Mr. Joseph Gow, assistant teacher in the English department.

Alleghany College, at Meadville, incorporated in 1817, with a grant of $2,000; in 1821, $1,000 annually for five years was given; in 1827, $1,000 annually for four years. Rev. Timothy Alden, D. D., president. The library of 8,000 volumes, was mostly the donation of Rev. Dr. Bentley, of Salem, Mass.

Western University, at Pittsburg. Incorporated in 1819. Persons of every religious denomination may be trustees, principals, or professors. In 1826, a sum of $2,400 annually, for five years, was given by the Legislature of the State, in consideration of a relinquishment of land by the trustees; and appointing new trustees. R. Bruce, M. D., is the principal. The number of undergraduates is 50 or 60.

Western Theological Seminary, at Alleghany-town. This institution is near Pittsburg. It was commenced in 1829. The building, 150 feet long, four stories high, cost $17,000. It stands on a fine eminence, overlooking the Ohio and Alleghany rivers, Pittsburg, and an extensive country. The number of students is 29. Efforts to combine manual labor with study have been successful. The students earned, in 1831, $290 in work upon the theological edifice. The institution is now in debt about $4,300.

Rev. Luther Halsey, D. D., prof. theology.

Mr. John W. Nevin, teacher of biblical literature.

Madison College. In March, 1827, a college was incorporated at Uniontown, Fayette county. The Act empowered the trustees to connect an agricultural department with the college. In 1828, $5,000 were granted by the legislature. Its operations are now suspended.

Theological Seminary of the Associate Reformed Synod of the West. This institution was incorporated in 1828. It is connected with the Associate Presbyterians. The number of students is 19. A building is erecting 45 feet by 17 three stories high, at an expense of $5,700.

Gettysburg Theological Seminary. Gettysburg is in Adams county, 115 miles south-west of Philadelphia, on the great road from Philadelphia to Pittsburg. It is 44 miles south-west of Harrisburg. It is remarkably central to the great body of the Lutheran church. In September, 1826, Rev. S. S. Schmucker was inaugurated Professor of Christian theology. Rev. B. Kurtz collected in Europe $12,000, with valuable books in addition, for the library. In 1830, Rev. Ernest L. Hazelius, of the Hartwick Seminary, N. Y., was appointed professor. He gives instruction in German, Greek, and Hebrew, in church history, sacred geography, &c.; Mr. Schmucker in theology, pulpit eloquence, pastoral duties, and mental philosophy. The library contains 7,000 volumes, principally in the German language. The building is half a mile from the village, and contains two lecture-rooms, library, chapel, and rooms for 60 students. The usual num.

ber of students is about 20.

There has been, for some time, connected with the Seminary, a Preparatory School, or Gymnasium, in which those who are desirous of preparing for the ministry, are carried through a regular course of education. About 50 students are attached to this department, 30 of whom expect to enter the Theological Department. In April, 1832, this gymnasium was erected into a college, and incorporated by the name of the 'Pennsylvania College.' No disabilities are to be imposed on account of religious opinions. A German professorship is appointed, the incumbent of which, among other duties, is to prepare young men to become teachers in German schools. The institution went into operation on the 7th of November, 1832. Five professors have been appointed. S. S. Schmucker, A. M., prof. of intellectual philos. and mor. science. E. L. Hazelius, D. D., prof. Latin language and German literature. H. Baucher, A. M., prof. Greek language and belles lettres. M. Jacobs, A. M., prof. math. chem. and nat. philosophy. J. H. Marsden, A. M., prof. mineralogy and botany.

Theological Seminary of the German Reformed Church. York, where this seminary is established, is 24 miles south-east of Harrisburg, 22 miles southwest of Lancaster, in York county; population, in 1830, 4,216; the institution was established at Carlisle in 1824, and removed to York in 1829; the Rev. Lewis Mayer, D. D., was appointed Professor of theology in 1825; in 1831, it

was incorporated; on the 18th of October, 1832, Rev. F. A. Rauch, Doctor of Philosophy, of Germany, was inaugurated Professor of Biblical Literature; the number of students is about 20; the Classical School, under the care of Dr. Rauch, commenced operations on the 1st of January, 1833; pupils of every age are admitted; the number of scholars is 24; the tuition for those who attend to Latin and Greek is $10 a session-for others, $7; board, washing, and lodging are from $60 to $70 per annum; Dr. Rauch has published a very intelligent, and for this country, a very original view of the plan of study.

Lafayette College, at Easton. This institution was incorporated in March, 1826. No disabilities are to operate against officers or students on account of religion. A Professor of German is by the charter to be appointed. Easton is in Northampton county, on the Delaware river. Population in 1821, 2,500; in 1830, 3,529. It is under the care of Rev. George Junkin, president, three professors, besides a business agent, and a farmer. President Junkin was formerly the principal of the Germantown Manual Labor School, which, owing to its proximity to Philadelphia, and other causes, had been discontinued. The course of instruction is similar to that of other colleges. The present number of students is 67, and they are from thirteen States. They labor three or four hours in a day, or twenty hours in a week, either on a farm or in workshops provided for the purpose. During the last season, they have paid, with their labor, threeeighths of all their expenses, although their average age was only sixteen, and this, too, without any interference with their studies. The president and the students, between March 14, 1832, and May 9, performed the whole labor of erecting a building thirty-one feet square, and two stories high, with garret rooms finished, and the basement for workshops, and dividing it into eight lodging rooms, two school-rooms, and the shop, with the exception of the masonry and plastering, and eight days' work in the quarry.

University of Pennsylvania. This institution was established in its present form, in 1779, and in 1791. In 1807, the legislature gave $3,000 to establish a botanic garden. In 1832, an Act was passed exempting the real estate of the University from taxation for 15 years. The University embraces a faculty of medicine, a faculty of arts, and an academical department. The faculty of medicine are:

Philip Syng Puysic, M. D., professor emeritus, surgery, and anatomy.
John Redman Coxe, M. D., professor materia medica and pharmacy.
Nathaniel Chapman, M. D., professor institutes and practice of physic, &c.
Thomas C. James, M. D., professor midwifery.

Robert Hare, M. D., professor chemistry.

William Gibson, M. D., professor surgery.

William E. Horner, M. D., professor anatomy, and dean.
William P. Dewees, M. D., adjunct professor midwifery.

Samuel Jackson, M. D., assistant to Professor Chapman.

The number of medical students is 368, of whom 10 are from New England, 103 from Virginia, 120 from Pennsylvania. The faculty of arts are:

Rev. William H. De Lancey, D. D., professor moral philosophy.
Robert Adrian, LL. D., professor mathematics.

Rev. Samuel B. Wylie, D. D., professor Hebrew, Greek, and Latin.
Alexander D. Bache, professor natural philosophy and chemistry.

Henry Reed, assistant to Prof. De Lancey, and professor English literature.
Rev. Christian F. Crusé, assistant professor.

Augustus De Valville, instructor in French, Augustus Willis in Spanish, Hermann Bokum in German. Number of students, 105. The instructions of the college are conveyed in part by lectures, but principally by the study of the most approved text-books, aided by the explanations of the professors. The diligence of the student is tested by rigid daily examinations. The character of each recitation is recorded, and the results communicated to parents or guardians in the middle or at the end of each term. At the end of each term, public examinations of the classes are held by the faculty; and the students are classed in the order of merit. Defective students are not allowed to proceed to a higher class, and incompetent students are dismissed from the institution.

Negligent and indolent students are transferred to a lower class when unable to proceed with the studies of their own class. The terms for instruction in the regular studies of the college, already enumerated, are $25 per term, payable in advance. The modern languages are taught by approved instructors, at a moderate additional expense. Proper boarding, including, washing, &c., can be had in the city, for from $2 50 to $3 per week. Among the books studied, are Whateley's Logic and Rhetoric, Mackintosh's History of England, Lardner's Mechanics, Kent's Commentaries.

Of the academical department,

Rev. Samuel W. Crawford is principal, and teacher of classics.
Thomas McAdam, teacher of English.

T. A. Wylie, Wm. Alexander, and T. McAdam, Jr., assistants. Number of scholars, 186; number in the English Charity schools, 186; total in the University, 823.

Institutions in Philadelphia. The Deaf and Dumb Asylum was established in 1820; the annual expenses are about $11,000; it has received several grants from the legislatures of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Maryland; number of pupils, 70 or 80; the City Library was commenced in 1731; the number of books, including the Loganian Library, is 35,000; the Atheneum, commenced in 1814, has 3,500 volumes, and it receives 70 newspapers, besides English and French; the Academy of Natural Sciences has a library of 5,000 volumes, and that of the Philosophical Society, 6,000; Peale's Museum is the most extensive collection of natural objects in the United States; by the will of the late Stephen Girard, Philadelphia has received a munificent donation, amounting to several million dollars, devoted to important public objects-among these is a college, which will soon go into operation. There are various other interesting institutions in Philadelphia.

DELAWARE.

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION.-There is a school fund in this State, the amount of which is $170,000; a tax is also levied for the support of schools. We are not aware of the existence of any academy in the State, except a Manual Labor Academy lately established. There is no college.

MARYLAND.

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION.-The whole amount of public funds, for the support of Common schools, December 1, 1831, was $142,063 76; this sum, however, includes $47,293 66 which belongs to different counties, for the education of indigent children, and is usually known by the name of the Free-school Fund; in addition to this, $5,000 is annually appropriated to the University of Maryland, $13,800 to other colleges, academies, and schools, and $3,500 to the support of the indigent deaf and dumb; the law in relation to Primary schools was passed in 1825; it has been partially carried into effect in two or three counties. In Baltimore, in 1830, there were 14,297 children of five and under fifteen years of age; about 175 schools and 5,250 scholars; and in addition, 1,000 charity scholars; total, 6,250.

ACADEMIES AND HIGH SCHOOLS.-There are several academies, which receive $800 a year from the State treasury.

COLLEGES AND HIGHER SEMINARIES.-St. John's College, at Annapolis. This seminary was incorporated in 1784, and received from the State $1,750 per annum, on condition that the city should convey to the trustees 34 acres of land, the present site of the institution, which had been given to the corporation by Lord Baltimore. Hon. Charles Carroll, Bishops Carroll and Claggett, and Alexander C. Hanson, were among its founders. It was opened November 10, 1789, by Rev. Dr. William Smith, as president pro tempore. The original grant was annulled in the high party excitement of 1805. It has since received $20,000 from a lottery. The State also give $1,000 annually, and an effort is making to increase it to $3,000. The first commencement was in 1793. The number of alumni is about 650, comprising many of the public men of Maryland. The building is three stories high, 90 feet long and 60 wide. It is on elevated