Marine Biology: An Ecological Approach |
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Page 6
... Major and Minor Constituents of 34.8 % Sea Water Ion A. Major Percent by Weight Chloride ( Cl- ) 55.04 Sodium ( Na + ) 30.61 Sulfate ( SO2 ) 7.68 Magnesium ( Mg2 + ) 3.69 Calcium ( Ca2 + ) 1.16 Potassium ( K * ) 1.10 Subtotal 99.28 B ...
... Major and Minor Constituents of 34.8 % Sea Water Ion A. Major Percent by Weight Chloride ( Cl- ) 55.04 Sodium ( Na + ) 30.61 Sulfate ( SO2 ) 7.68 Magnesium ( Mg2 + ) 3.69 Calcium ( Ca2 + ) 1.16 Potassium ( K * ) 1.10 Subtotal 99.28 B ...
Page 10
... major oceans are connected to each other , the world ocean has been separated for convenience into four major divisions , Pacific , Atlantic , Indian , and Arctic , in order of decreasing size . Projecting from , or partially cut off ...
... major oceans are connected to each other , the world ocean has been separated for convenience into four major divisions , Pacific , Atlantic , Indian , and Arctic , in order of decreasing size . Projecting from , or partially cut off ...
Page 32
... MAJOR SUBDIVISIONS OF THE WORLD OCEAN Beginning with the waters of the open ocean , there are subdivisions that can be made in both the vertical and horizontal directions . The entire area of the open water is termed the pelagic realm ...
... MAJOR SUBDIVISIONS OF THE WORLD OCEAN Beginning with the waters of the open ocean , there are subdivisions that can be made in both the vertical and horizontal directions . The entire area of the open water is termed the pelagic realm ...
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abundant adaptations algae algal amount amphipods anemones areas Atlantic bacteria barnacles benthic biology body bottom burrow carnivores changes Cnidaria communities competition copepods coral reef crabs crustaceans deep sea density deposit feeders depth desiccation detritus diatoms dinoflagellates dominant ecology ecosystems eggs epipelagic estuary fauna feeding Figure fishes fresh water grazing hence herbivores increased invertebrates kelp kelp beds large numbers larvae layers levels light living low tide major marine mammals marsh mesopelagic migrate mollusks Mytilus nekton number of species numbers nutrients occur ocean oxygen Pacific coast particles patterns pelagic percent Photo courtesy photophores photosynthesis physical factors phytoplankton plankton plants Plate polychaete population predators primary productivity reduced result rocky shores salinity salt sand beaches sea grass sea urchins sea water sediment shallow water squids substrate surface waters suspension feeders temperate temperature terrestrial thermocline tropical tuna upper various vertical water column water mass wave action whales zonation zone zooplankton zooxanthellae