Handbook of Organic Conductive Molecules and Polymers, Conductive Polymers: Synthesis and Electrical PropertiesHari Singh Nalwa Conductive polymers--polymers that conduct electricity--have applications in telecommunications, electronics, materials science, chemistry and physics. The four self-contained volumes of this handbook thoroughly explore all aspects of conductive polymers including chemical and physical properties, technology and applications. |
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Page 22
... ( Bipolaron ) Bisoliton ( Bipolaron ) Carbodianion Figure 1.30 . Complex conjugational defects constructed from solitons : a ' physical chemical dictionary ' . ( Reprinted with permission from ref . 22 ) Polaron Bipolaron ( Bisoliton ) ...
... ( Bipolaron ) Bisoliton ( Bipolaron ) Carbodianion Figure 1.30 . Complex conjugational defects constructed from solitons : a ' physical chemical dictionary ' . ( Reprinted with permission from ref . 22 ) Polaron Bipolaron ( Bisoliton ) ...
Page 366
... bipolarons . so that EB < 2EP ( 8.6 ) P ++ P + → B2 + ( 8.7 ) where E and Ep are the bipolaron and polaron creation energies , respectively . In the case of relatively strong Coulomb interactions , the inequality in equation ( 8.6 ) ...
... bipolarons . so that EB < 2EP ( 8.6 ) P ++ P + → B2 + ( 8.7 ) where E and Ep are the bipolaron and polaron creation energies , respectively . In the case of relatively strong Coulomb interactions , the inequality in equation ( 8.6 ) ...
Page 396
... bipolaron delocalization in these series extends over a maximum of 30 atoms and is the longest model polyene bipolaron yet observed . The absorption characteristics for both the neutral and oxidatively doped dithienylpolyenes are listed ...
... bipolaron delocalization in these series extends over a maximum of 30 atoms and is the longest model polyene bipolaron yet observed . The absorption characteristics for both the neutral and oxidatively doped dithienylpolyenes are listed ...
Common terms and phrases
A. J. Heeger absorption acetonitrile acetylene acid aniline anions anodic aqueous band benzene bipolaron blends bond carbon catalyst charge Chem chemical cm-¹ cm¹ compounds concentration conducting polymers conjugation length copolymerization copolymers coupling Cryst cyclic decrease DMQTT dopant doping doping levels electrical conductivity electrolyte electronic electropolymerization energy FeCl3 Figure formation graft copolymers groups Heeger increase interaction iodine layer Lett Macromolecules Makromol materials Metals method molecular weight molecules monomer neutral observed obtained oligomers oligothiophenes optical oxidation PANI peak permission from ref phene phthalocyanine Phys polarons poly polyacetylene polyaniline polyazines polymer chain polypyrrole polythiophene potential precursor prepared produced properties proton pyrrole radical cation Raman ratio reaction redox repeat units reported Reprinted with permission samples Scheme SiMe3 solid solitons soluble solution solvent species spectra spectroscopy spectrum spin stability structure studies substituted Synth synthesis thermal thiophene tion transition undoped Yamamoto