Foundations of colloid science, Volume 1Liquid suspension systems are the basic ingredients of paints, detergents, biological cells, and countless other systems of scientific and technological importance. This book presents the fundamental physical and chemical concepts necessary to the understanding of these systems and of colloid science in general. New ideas are introduced carefully and formulae are developed in full, with exercises to help the reader throughout. The frequent references to the many applications of colloid science will be especially helpful to beginning research scientists and people in industry, medicine and agriculture who often find their training in this area inadequate. Integrating developments from the time of colloid science's infancy 40 years ago to its present state as a rigorous discipline, this intelligently assembled work elucidates a remarkable range of concepts, techniques, and behaviors. |
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Page 230
1 Surface tension and surface free energy The existence of surface tension can
be expected from the difference in energies between molecules at the surface
and molecules in the bulk phase of a material. Consider first a homogeneous
liquid ...
1 Surface tension and surface free energy The existence of surface tension can
be expected from the difference in energies between molecules at the surface
and molecules in the bulk phase of a material. Consider first a homogeneous
liquid ...
Page 231
If the overall energy change 6% = (£A,s - ^A.bulk) + (^B,S _ ^B.bulk) (5.2.5) is
positive, the interface will tend to shrink to its minimum possible area. However, if
<5£ < 0, the interface will tend to grow and the phases will tend to dissolve in
each ...
If the overall energy change 6% = (£A,s - ^A.bulk) + (^B,S _ ^B.bulk) (5.2.5) is
positive, the interface will tend to shrink to its minimum possible area. However, if
<5£ < 0, the interface will tend to grow and the phases will tend to dissolve in
each ...
Page 259
Consider the situation where solute 3 is distributed between the bulk solvents 1
and 2. Show that the surface excess of solute 3 relative to 1 and 2 is given by: (
Hint: refer back to eqn (5.4.3) and use the Gibbs-Duhem equations to eliminate
dni ...
Consider the situation where solute 3 is distributed between the bulk solvents 1
and 2. Show that the surface excess of solute 3 relative to 1 and 2 is given by: (
Hint: refer back to eqn (5.4.3) and use the Gibbs-Duhem equations to eliminate
dni ...
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Contents
CHARACTERIZATION OF COLLOIDAL | 2 |
Classification of colloids | 6 |
BEHAVIOUR OF COLLOIDAL DISPERSIONS | 49 |
Copyright | |
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adsorbed adsorption aggregation approximation aqueous assumed behaviour Brownian Brownian motion bulk calculated capillary Chapter charge chemical chemical potential coagulation coefficient Colloid interface Sci colloid science colloidal dispersions colloidal particles component constant contact angle crystal curvature curve density determined diameter dielectric diffuse dipole distance distribution double layer droplet effect electrolyte electrolyte concentration electron electrostatic entropy equilibrium Establish eqn Exercise experimental flocculation flow fluid force free energy frequency function given hydrocarbon integral interaction energy ions Kelvin equation liquid material measured membrane mercury method micelle microscope molar mass molecular molecules negative Note obtained occurs Overbeek phase plane plates polymer procedure quantity radius region repulsion result sedimentation separation shear shown in Fig silver iodide solid solution solvent spheres spherical steric stabilization stress surface tension surfactant suspension temperature term theory thermodynamic vapour pressure vector velocity viscosity volume Waals Young-Laplace equation zero