Animal Behavior: An Evolutionary Approach |
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Page 308
... collector . But this does not mean that the bee is defenseless . They deal with ants by making it almost impossible for these enemies to reach the colony . The workers coat the branch on which the nest is supported with rings of a ...
... collector . But this does not mean that the bee is defenseless . They deal with ants by making it almost impossible for these enemies to reach the colony . The workers coat the branch on which the nest is supported with rings of a ...
Page 444
... , 37 newcomers reached the goal and we could conclusively observe how all the marked collector bees were eagerly placing odor marks on the twigs . [ 428 ] Trigona postica lives in tropical areas with dense vegetation , 444 CHAPTER THIRTEEN.
... , 37 newcomers reached the goal and we could conclusively observe how all the marked collector bees were eagerly placing odor marks on the twigs . [ 428 ] Trigona postica lives in tropical areas with dense vegetation , 444 CHAPTER THIRTEEN.
Contents
NATURAL SELECTION | 5 |
Alternative Hypotheses | 11 |
Experimental Tests of Evolutionary Predictions | 17 |
Copyright | |
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ability activity adaptive adult allele animals anole ants aphids attack auditory bank swallows bees Behavioral Ecology benefits biological birds black-headed gull brain breeding burrow butterfly Chapter colony Color copulate courtship cues cycle damselfly defense detect developmental dominant ecological effects eggs energy environment environmental evolution evolutionary evolved example experience feeding female's fertilize Figure flies foraging gametes ganglion genes genotype gulls habitat honeybee hormonal human hypothesis inclusive fitness individuals infanticide insects interactions kin selection kittiwake larvae living male's males and females mate mechanisms moth mutant nervous system nest neural neurons offspring parental pattern Photograph physiological polygyny population potential predators prediction prey produce progeny rats receptive receptors relatively reproductive success response result selection sensory sexual sexual reproduction sexual selection signals slug snakes social Sociobiology song sounds species sperm stimulation survival territory testosterone toad traits visual wasp white-crowned sparrow wings workers young