Animal Behavior: An Evolutionary Approach |
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Page 201
... colony ; during this time he saw many crows and herring gulls attacked while foraging on the ground within the colony [ 396 ] . Carrion crows and herring gulls are consumers of gull eggs but cannot capture and eat adult birds , so ...
... colony ; during this time he saw many crows and herring gulls attacked while foraging on the ground within the colony [ 396 ] . Carrion crows and herring gulls are consumers of gull eggs but cannot capture and eat adult birds , so ...
Page 248
... colony builds a trail that comes close to another colony's route , workers from the two nests will battle , with many deaths on both sides , until one or the other moves its trail away from the area . In contrast , Pogonomyrmex maricopa ...
... colony builds a trail that comes close to another colony's route , workers from the two nests will battle , with many deaths on both sides , until one or the other moves its trail away from the area . In contrast , Pogonomyrmex maricopa ...
Page 308
... colonies with many thousands of workers . If the colony is threatened by a major vertebrate enemy , like a raccoon or mouse , the workers will readily plunge their stingers into the robber's skin . Because the stinger is barbed , it ...
... colonies with many thousands of workers . If the colony is threatened by a major vertebrate enemy , like a raccoon or mouse , the workers will readily plunge their stingers into the robber's skin . Because the stinger is barbed , it ...
Contents
NATURAL SELECTION | 5 |
Alternative Hypotheses | 11 |
Experimental Tests of Evolutionary Predictions | 17 |
Copyright | |
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ability activity adaptive adult allele animals anole ants aphids attack auditory bank swallows bees Behavioral Ecology benefits biological birds black-headed gull brain breeding burrow butterfly Chapter colony Color copulate courtship cues cycle damselfly defense detect developmental dominant ecological effects eggs energy environment environmental evolution evolutionary evolved example experience feeding female's fertilize Figure flies foraging gametes ganglion genes genotype gulls habitat honeybee hormonal human hypothesis inclusive fitness individuals infanticide insects interactions kin selection kittiwake larvae living male's males and females mate mechanisms moth mutant nervous system nest neural neurons offspring parental pattern Photograph physiological polygyny population potential predators prediction prey produce progeny rats receptive receptors relatively reproductive success response result selection sensory sexual sexual reproduction sexual selection signals slug snakes social Sociobiology song sounds species sperm stimulation survival territory testosterone toad traits visual wasp white-crowned sparrow wings workers young