Characterization of Catalytic MaterialsCatalytic materials are essential to nearly every commercial and industrial chemical process in order to make reaction times faster and more efficient. Understanding the microstructure of such materials is essential to designing improved catalytic properties. This volume in the materials characterization series reviews the more common types characterization methods used for understanding surface and structural properties of most types of commercially used catalytic materials.
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From inside the book
Page ix
... Temperature Programmed Techniques 190 189 26 Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy (UPS) 192 27 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) 193 28 X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) 194 29 X-Ray Photoelectron and Auger Electron Diffraction (XPD and AED) 195 30 X ...
... Temperature Programmed Techniques 190 189 26 Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy (UPS) 192 27 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) 193 28 X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) 194 29 X-Ray Photoelectron and Auger Electron Diffraction (XPD and AED) 195 30 X ...
Page 11
... Temperature-programmed methods can provide a wealth of useful information about bulk metal systems and their interactions with gas molecules. In a typical temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) experiment, a gas is adsorbed on the ...
... Temperature-programmed methods can provide a wealth of useful information about bulk metal systems and their interactions with gas molecules. In a typical temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) experiment, a gas is adsorbed on the ...
Page 12
... temperature of the sample is raised at a typical rate of 10 K/s, and the ... temperatures. When increasing amounts of Ni are added to Cu, additional desorption ... programmed desorption. Vibrational spectroscopies, including infrared ...
... temperature of the sample is raised at a typical rate of 10 K/s, and the ... temperatures. When increasing amounts of Ni are added to Cu, additional desorption ... programmed desorption. Vibrational spectroscopies, including infrared ...
Page 14
... temperature-programmed methods. Some thin films have very special properties of catalytic interest. One can deposit an inac- tive metal such as gold on the surface of an active one such as ruthenium, thereby breaking up the surface ...
... temperature-programmed methods. Some thin films have very special properties of catalytic interest. One can deposit an inac- tive metal such as gold on the surface of an active one such as ruthenium, thereby breaking up the surface ...
Page 15
... temperature- programmed desorption methods give insight into the energetics of adsorption sites and their modification by second metal components. Additional information about the structure and bonding of adsorbed species may be ...
... temperature- programmed desorption methods give insight into the energetics of adsorption sites and their modification by second metal components. Additional information about the structure and bonding of adsorbed species may be ...
Contents
1 | |
17 | |
3 Bulk Metal Oxides | 47 |
4 Supported Metal Oxides | 69 |
5 Bulk Metal Sulfides | 89 |
6 Supported Metal Sulfides | 109 |
7 Zeolites and Molecular Sieves | 129 |
Methods of Preparation and Characterization | 149 |
LowEnergy Electron Diffraction LEED | 179 |
Mössbauer Spectroscopy | 180 |
Neutron Activation Analysis NAA | 181 |
Neutron Diffraction | 182 |
Physical and Chemical Adsorption for the Measurement of Solid Surface Areas | 183 |
Raman Spectroscopy | 184 |
Scanning Electron Microscopy SEM | 185 |
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy STEM | 186 |
Technique Summaries | 165 |
Auger Electron Spectroscopy AES | 167 |
Dynamic Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry DSIMS | 168 |
Electron Energyloss Spectroscopy in the Transmission Electron Microscope EELS | 169 |
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Electron Spin Resonance | 170 |
Electron Microprobe XRay Microanalysis EPMA | 171 |
EnergyDispersive XRay Spectroscopy EDS | 172 |
Extended XRay Absorption Fine Structure EXAFS | 173 |
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy FTIR | 174 |
High Resolution Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy HREELS | 175 |
Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry ICPMS | 176 |
Inductively Coupled PlasmaOptical Emission Spectroscopy ICPOES | 177 |
Ion Scattering Spectroscopy ISS | 178 |
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Scanning Force Microscopy STM and SFM | 187 |
Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance NMR | 188 |
Static Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Static SIMS | 189 |
Temperature Programmed Techniques | 190 |
Transmission Electron Microscopy TEM | 191 |
Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy UPS | 192 |
XRay Diffraction XRD | 193 |
XRay Fluorescence XRF | 194 |
XRay Photoelectron and Auger Electron Diffraction XRD and AED | 195 |
XRay Photoelectron Spectroscopy XPS | 196 |
Index | 197 |
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Common terms and phrases
acid adsorbed adsorption alloys alumina aluminum analysis atoms beam bond bulk metal calcination Catal catalytic activity catalytic behavior catalytic materials cation Chem chemical chemical shifts chemisorption Chemistry cobalt coordination crystalline crystallites desorption determine electron microscopy elements energy EXAFS faujasites Figure function hydrogen hydrogenolysis I. E. Wachs interaction lattice layer measured metal catalysts metal oxide catalysts metal oxide overlayers metal oxide phases microporous Mo ions molecular sieves molecules molybdenum oxide monolayer coverage MoS2 Mössbauer Mössbauer spectroscopy neutron obtained oxide support oxygen particle peak photoelectron pillared clays pore powder preparation probe promoter R. R. Chianelli Raman Raman spectroscopy reaction reduced resolution ruthenium sample single crystal solid solution species spectra spectroscopy structure studies sulfides sulfur supported metal oxide surface area surface metal oxide synchrotron techniques temperature temperature-programmed thiophene tion transmission electron microscopy two-dimensional metal oxide X-ray absorption X-ray diffraction XANES zeolites