On the Origins of Language: An Introduction to the Evolution of Human Speech |
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Page 64
... formant . The second formant frequency for this tube , which is an idealized model of the vowel [ A ] , would be 1.5 kHz for a supralaryngeal vocal tract 17 cm long . The third formant for this tube would be 2.5 kHz , five times the first ...
... formant . The second formant frequency for this tube , which is an idealized model of the vowel [ A ] , would be 1.5 kHz for a supralaryngeal vocal tract 17 cm long . The third formant for this tube would be 2.5 kHz , five times the first ...
Page 72
... second formant frequencies , therefore are equal . If we perturbed the position of point X from this midpoint , we would not expect these two formant frequencies to change very abruptly . For example , if we moved point X 1 cm forward ...
... second formant frequencies , therefore are equal . If we perturbed the position of point X from this midpoint , we would not expect these two formant frequencies to change very abruptly . For example , if we moved point X 1 cm forward ...
Page 73
... formant frequencies . Note that there is a range of about 2 cm in the middle of the curve of Figure 7-2 within which the second formant varies over only 50 Hz and the first formant changes even less . Within this region the two formants ...
... formant frequencies . Note that there is a range of about 2 cm in the middle of the curve of Figure 7-2 within which the second formant varies over only 50 Hz and the first formant changes even less . Within this region the two formants ...
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
Cognitive and Communicative Factors Underlying Language | 5 |
Darwin and Negus | 21 |
Copyright | |
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acoustic signal adult Homo sapiens adult human air pressure anatomical animals area function articulatory maneuvers auditory auditory system Australopithecus africanus behavior brain breath-group Broken Hill CALIFORNIA/SANTA CRUZ Chapelle-aux-Saints fossil Chapter chimpanzee communication complex consonant Crelin cross-sectional area CRUZ The University Darwin decoding discussed encoding energy example factors filter formant frequencies fossil hominids fundamental frequency gestures glottal glottis graph hominids human language human larynx human listeners human newborns human speaker human speech human supralaryngeal vocal human vocal involve La Ferrassie larynx Lieberman linguistic lips mandible modern Homo sapiens msec muscles nasal Neandertal fossils Negus neural mechanisms newborn Homo sapiens newborn human nonhuman primates Note occur oral cavity pattern perception period pharynx phonetic features plotted in Figure primates produce second formant sentence sieve sinusoidal skull species spectrogram speech encoding speech production stop consonant studies supralaryngeal vocal tract syntax tongue tube vocal cords vowel wave waveform words