decidedly a matter-of-fact man; a great student of nature; always learn something from both great and small; your range of observation is most extensive, and what you see and know only increases your intellectual appetite. You have correct ideas of proportion, shape, outline, and mechanical execution. You are neat, systematic, and have your plans well arranged (j). Your memory is good, especially of what you see and do; also by association; but isolated facts you are liable to forget.

You have full powers of speech, and when much excited may be quite eloquent and copious, yet generally have more ideas than words. Your argumentative powers are great (k). You reason most successfully by analogy and association. You readily see the adaptation of principles and the relation of things; have a full development of Causality, enabling you to see the relations of cause and effect, giving originality of thought and ability to plan. All your intellectual powers are available, and you are most emphatically a utilitarian; have much intuitiveness of mind, which enables you to decide at once the right and wrong of subjects, the real motives of others, and the most direct way to accomplish an object. You have strong attachments to place, much general application and unity of thought and feeling, and naturally a strong appetite. You enjoy the company of friends much, but are not as social, nor as fond of general society as some, and have always been able to regulate your social feelings. More of the warming influences of Adhesiveness would be an advantage

to you.

The following letter was received from Mr. C. since the above description was given.

MR. L. N. FOWLER:

NEW YORK, MAY 3, 1847.

DEAR SIR, When, at the request of Mrs. Campbell, one of your readers, I called at your office, without in any way making myself known to you, simply saying that I had, at the request of a friend, called to obtain from you a chart of my head, I little expected to hear you so soon begin to tell me your views of my physiological and mental character, and describe with such remarkable exactness what I knew of myself, -two or three points, at most, out of some twenty or more prominent characteristics of both, only excepted. Had I had any doubts of the general principles of the science being founded on facts, and facts well arranged, I should have been delivered of them all, so far as my own knowledge of myself will justify me in forming an estimate of the different attributes you noted in my physiological and mental constitution.

I am not one of those who imagine that any science, and still less that of the human mind, or of human nature, can in a few years, or by one class of contemporary minds, be completely and perfectly developed and matured. I am, therefore, of the opinion that the science of Phrenology is but in progress, and not yet perfected; but that it should have, in so few years, and in defiance of the hoary and consecrated systems of metaphysical science arrayed against it,

and sustained by names the most admired and revered in Christendom, attained its present state of perfection, is truly wonderful, and characteristic of the rapid march of all sorts of improvement in this truly inquisitive and ambitious age.

I have been frequently solicited by friends who are amateurs in the science, to allow them to give me a chart of my head. Their reports were, in the main, generally conformable to my knowledge of myself; but their previous knowledge of my character was always such as to leave some dubiety whether they did not correct their Phrenology from their memory or acquaintance with me, rather than simply utter the revelations of the cranium. Your having no advantage of this sort, has given to your details a value paramount to those of any other phrenologist with whom I have been conversant; and I cannot but admire the science which bestows upon its possessor the power thus to develop the human mind, and to advance the cause of education, physical, intellectual, and moral. Please accept my thanks for the copy which you have sent me of what you said to me, almost off-hand, with my wishes for your success in all your endeavors to further the cause of a rational education, to improve the human constitution, and to increase the social happiness of our species.

Respectfully, your obedient servant,

A. CAMPBELL. P. S. Excuse this hasty scroll on the eve of my embarking for England. Our friend E. A. Smith, of Danville, Kentucky, being on a visit to our city, and knowing that he had been long and intimately acquainted with Professor Campbell, we requested him to read this article, and make a few suggestions. This he has done, in a few brief notes, which we append:

NOTES.

(a) Mr. C. is French on his mother's side, Irish and Highland Scotch on his father's. He is now about sixty years of age. His father is about eightyfive. His grandfather died of a malignant disease, when about ninety-five, up to which time he was healthy, smart, and active. His great-grandfather lived to the age of one hundred and five years.

After a cold bath,

(b) He usually rises at the dawn of day, often before. proceeds to his study, where he finds much employment in attending to his numerous correspondents, exchange papers, and preparing matter for a monthly periodical of sixty pages. Presiding over a college, he finds much to engage his mind. Overlooking a respectable farm, printing office, publishing house, post office, etc., calls for both mental and physical labor. His friends are

astonished at the amount of his labor.

(c) He has not been sick for thirty years; yet he has had the dyspepsia for most of that time.

(d) He came to this country when a young man, and without property. By marriage he obtained a comfortable home, which he proceeded to improve. At an early period he opened a classical school under discouraging circumstances, commenced a religious paper, with very few patrons, and has persevered in this for a quarter of a century, obtaining a very large and extensive circulation.

During the hard times of 1840 and '41, he founded a college, over which he was called to preside, which is now in successful operation. During this whole

time he has continued regularly to proclaim the Gospel, both at home and abroad. He has visited most of the States of our Union, and Canada, and is now on a tour to Great Britain.

(e) A standing motto to his periodical, for many years, was, things, and hold fast that which is good."

"Prove al

(f) As a proof, see his lengthy debate in favor of Christianity with Mr. Robert Owen, of Scotland.

(g) If any one doubts this, let him visit Bethany Village and College, founded by him.

(h) Here Mr. Fowler is fully sustained by the various writings and addresses of his subject.

(i) All Mr. Campbell's acquaintances will doubtless believe this.

(j) This is certainly true. But he has too much on hand to be able to carry out all his arrangements.

(k) Let the inquisitive reader examine his various published debates.

(1) Though he has traveled much, and been strongly pressed to locate in the first cities of our Union, both east and west, yet he has preferred to remain for nearly forty years in the hill country of Western Virginia, where he married.

The friends of Elder Campbell would be highly gratified if a full statement of his views and labors as a religious reformer could be given in the Journal. But this the nature and character of the Journal will not justify; still, a brief outline may be very acceptable to many of its numerous readers. This we extract from modern religious histories, which can be found in most of our cities; such as the "Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge," "History of Religious Denominations in the United States," Hayward and Evans's Book of Religions," etc., etc.

66

Believing that all sects and parties in Christendom have departed more or less from the simplicity and purity of primitive Christianity, Mr. Campbell has labored to induce all the genuine lovers of Christ to abandon their conflicting "confessions of faith," "books of discipline," etc., etc., and return to the Holy Scriptures as the only bond of union and rule of faith and practice; then to unite, and build together upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ being the chief corner-stone.

The ordinances of the Gospel, and the practices of the Church, he holds to be simple, yet significant, evincing the wisdom, power, and goodness of the Creator answering the ends for which they were designed of Heaven; that with the Word of God, the Church, being united, should heartily engage in the conversion of the world.

He strongly advocates the education of the whole people, physically, mentally, and morally.

In this general work he is aided by many zealous and intelligent co-workers, both in Britain and America. A number of periodicals and papers are sustained; several colleges, academies, and high schools, male and female, have been founded, and are in successful operation.

These people, calling themselves Disciples of Christ, Christians, etc., unite to worship in congregations scattered throughout the length and breadth of our lan 1, and now number many tens of thousands of communicants.

ARTICLE XLI.

ACQUISITIVENESS-ITS DEFINITION, LOCATION, ADAPTATION, AND CULTI

VATION.

"A penny saved is worth two pence earned."

ECONOMY; FRUGALITY; the ACQUIRING, SAVING, and HOARDING instinct; taking care of the SURPLUS, so that nothing shall go to WASTE; THRIFT; desire to POSSESS and own; the feeling of MINE and THINE, or of rightful CLAIM and possession; love of TRADING and amassing PROPERTY.

LOCATED about an inch above Alimentiveness. It widens the head back of the temples, or as you pass from the eyebrows backward to the top of the ears. It is very large in the accompanying engraving of the skull of Teller, a thief, robber, and counterfeiter, who was executed at Hartford for killing his jailor (see Am. Phren. Jour., vol. viii., pp. 223 and 368), but small in Gosse, who gave away two fortunes without judgment to whoever solicited alms, and on inheriting a third, had a guardian appointed over him to prevent his giving it also away, though unusually strong-minded in other respects.

LARGE Acquisitiveness saves for future use whatever is of any value; is pained by the waste or destruction of any thing which can be turned to a good account; loves to lay up the means of procuring subsequent comforts and luxuries; desires to acquire and possess property; and is industrious and frugal.

Economy is nature's universal motto. Waste she perfectly abhors, and never permits. What she cannot use to the best advantage at one time, she lays by in store till she can thus use it. Even the very mountains and bowels of the earth are deposits for the materials of re-fertilizing the earth throughout illimitable ages! But for these storehouses her soil would become barren; now it is destined to become richer and deeper as time rolls on forever. And, by a most beautiful provision, she prevents the decay of whatever is buried deep, yet compels, by the destroying action of the atmosphere, that of whatever is near her surface. Behold this double contrivance for perpetually re-enriching the earth, yet preserving for use millions of ages hence what is not wanted sooner.

Nor is any thing lost which decays, but its very resolution back to dust only re-fertilizes the earth, so that the very materials which composed the decayed body re-enter into the formation of other and still other species of organic life. In harmony with this law, offal vegetation returns to its mother earth, to be again re-constructed into vegetable organisms; and even that which is consumed by animals, so far from being destroyed, is thereby converted into fertilizing materials for re-nourishing the soil which gave it life. The dead tree of the deep forest is not wasted, but from its mouldering remains spring other trees, and from these others again, each of which re-enrich the earth, till man employs this accumulated fertility in the production of human sustenance and mentality. How beautiful this provision, how glorious the result!

But even after it has been converted into flesh and blood, it is not cast aside as useless, but as the body "returns again to dust," by a law of nature as wise as unalterable, it becomes food for other sentient beings, and the carcasses of these for others still," from everlasting to everlasting." And recent philosophical experiments have rendered it altogether probable that animalcules inhabit not only all parts of man and animals, but also all parts of organized bodies, throng air and water in countless myriads, and fill every portion of illimitable space! Look steadily through an open window, especially at the snow, and you can see the shades made by these animalcules in perpetual motion, within the aqueous humors of the eyes, flitting before the vision, evincing that the very eye itself is thronged with sentient beings.

One of the most beautiful instances of this economical principle of nature is found in the principle, stated in " Physiology," that animals imbibe oxygen from the atmosphere, and return carbonic acid to it, and that vegetables imbibe carbon and give off oxygen; so that the more animal life there is, the greater the supply of the chief ingredient of vegetable life; and the greater the growth of vegetable, the more oxygen -the most essential element of animal life-is therefore evolved-a principle, the action and re-action of which will render vegetables more and more prolific in proportion as animals become multiplied-an end which the ever re-increasing fertility of the earth helps to attain. Thus it is that this very increase of animal life, which requires an increased amount of vegetables, supplies them in proportion to the demand.

Nor is it by any means certain that this self-acting law of husbanding every thing till it is wanted, and "making one hand wash the other," does not extend to universal matter. That gigantic motive power which hurls the earth and the entire universe of planets around their respective cycles,