Language is seen to be and powerful feelingsYet his style of oratory,

President Jonathan Edwards. Indeed, the correspondence between his physiology, phrenology, and character, was complete, as might be expected from one thus powerfully organized. large, in combination with great perceptives, three indispensable pre-requisites for an orator. unlike that of Patrick Henry, torrent-like, swept all before it, and dashed his adversaries to atoms, instead of charmed and inspired. To the student of Phrenology, a close inspection of this remarkable specimen of humanity is full of interest.

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ARTICLE X.

PHYSIOLOGY, ANIMAL AND MENTAL: APPLIED TO THE PRESERVATION AND RESTORATION OF HEALTH. BY O. S. FOWLER."

HEALTH is life, and to preserve or restore it is to prolong or enhance our terrestrial existence. To a subject thus all-important, this work is devoted-with what success, its readers must judge.

Its general merits and demerits we have not room now to review, but only to state one or two of its leading features, in which it differs from all contemporary treatises on this subject. These features, the following quotation from its preface, will in part present:

"Power of mind depends on vigor of body. Even the moral virtues are influenced—almost controlled-by physiological conditions. The laws of health, therefore, however important intrinsically, assume a momentous rank in consequence of their controlling power over talent and moral excellence, and should be studied in this their mental aspect mainly. Yet hitherto this reciprocity of body and mind has been almost wholly overlooked. Physiological works stop with laying the foundation merely, just where they should begin to apply their principles to mental improvement. Such application it is the object of this volume to make. The preservation and improvement of health, as a means of developing the TALENTS and MORAL VIRTUES, are its all-pervading idea. It shows what influences the various states of the body and brain exert over the mind, the effects of various diets and regimen on character, and the improvement and deterioration of mind consequent on cerebral vigor and debility.

"The author had not prosecuted those phrenological investigations, which constitute his passion as well as profession, far, before he perceived that the virtues, vices, capabilities, and entire character, are controlled quite as effectually by the physiology as phrenology. This led him to trace out those LAWS which govern this inter-relation, and the results of his observations, in this almost unexplored field of human inquiry, this volume embodies.

"No more of the ANATOMY of the body and its organs have been given than was requisite to illustrate and enforce their physiology, and the preservation and restoration of their respective functions. The vito-chemical discoveries of the great Liebig-that father of "animal chemistry," the practical value of which surpass all other modern advancements of science, have been partially popularized and applied in this work, and thus a most important desideratum in part supplied.

"Its health prescriptions, as such, have had primary reference to the PRESERVATION of health and the PREVENTION of disease; yet these same prescriptions are as effectual in CURING as in preventing. It attempts to qualify every man to become his own doctor, and especially would impart to parents that physiological knowledge, the seasonable application of which will enable them to keep their families in health, as well as to rout disease in its incipient stages, not, however, by dosing down medicines as much as by an observance of the laws and conditions of health. Nature is the great physician. She alone can restore; and in her cures, unlike poisonous medicines, she fortifies instead of undermining the constitution. To guard against disease-but when contracted, to show patients how to restore health by fulfilling its conditions-is our main design. And if some of these prescriptions seem strange, yet are they not abundantly supported by proof? At least, so certain is the author of the correctness and practical value of all the directions and prescriptions contained herein, that he puts them in RIGID practice-unwilling that his preaching should be in opposition to his CONDUCT.

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Still farther to enhance the practical value of the work, a table has been prepared, in which applicants can be directed, first, what particular functions they require to cultivate, and referred to those parts of the work, especially paragraphs, which tell them how to effect such cultivation.

This work is alone in having MODERNIZED the study of physiology. The great Liebig was the first to discover and demonstrate the funda mental principles of animal chemistry as applied to physiology. Yet his work can be read with profit only by the few conversant with chemistry. His principles require to be brought down in a simple manner to the comprehension of all, as well as to be carried out in their various applications-he having contented himself with simply proving his laws, and then leaving them. All will, therefore, concede, that, as far as this work attains this most desirable end, it must contribute greatly to a knowledge of the conditions of health and causes of disease.

The inter-relations of Phrenology and Physiology it also discusses fullya subject nowhere else treated. So intimately are body and mind reciprocally related to each other, that no one can be a good physiologist without being also a good practical phrenologist. Man was not created, and can not advantageously be studied, in SECTIONS, but only AS A WHOLE. This UNITARIAN view of his nature, this book is alone in endeavoring to preYet a more detailed view of the subjects it treats, and its manner of presenting them, must be deferred till our next number.

sent.

THE LAW OF PROGRESS AND THE THRONE.-A deputation of eminent Roman Catholics waited upon the king of Prussia a few weeks ago, and petitioned for a law to restrain the religious movement of Ronge. "My dear friends," said the king, "PROGRESS IS STRONGER THAN I AM; no one can avail aught against it. [Turning to M. Sipki, a great sheep farmer, who accompanied the delegation.] A truce to this religious recrimination. Let us talk about your sheep." He is a cunning monarch, and never loses an opportunity to strengthen the throne He has ordered all the sects in Prussia to lay before him their opinions of Ronge's movement, which he opposed as long as he found it safe, but reversed his policy on discovering that progress is stronger than crowned heads.

ARTICLE XI.

TIE TEETH: THEIR IMPORTANCE AND PRESERVATION.

DENTAL SURGERY.

NATURE prevents our throwing food in the stomach in masses, and compels us to deposit in small parcels by rendering the only avenue to it small. She also requires it to be CRUSHED before it can be swallowed, and to this end provides every human being with a mouth set all around with two rows of TEETH, exactly adapted to each other, and every way fitted to grind the food fine preparatory to deglutition and digestion. The adaptation of the teeth to each other, and to the crushing function they were created to subserve, is well illustrated by the following engraving of the teeth, with their names and description.

The two front teeth in the upper jaw are called the median incisors; the two next on each side the lateral incisors; the two next the canines or eye teeth: the two next the first bicuspidati; and the two next the second bicuspidati; the six next, three on each side, the molars or sapientia-sixteen in all. Those opposite to each of these respectively, in the under jaw, are called by the same names, and swell the entire number to thirty-two.

These teeth are composed of bone, cased with the hardest substance in the human body, called ENAMEL, to prevent their breaking. They are kept in their

places by fangs and muscles, and rendered sensitive by nerves which pass up into them by fissures or holes in the centers of their fangs. The inflammation of these nerves by exposure occasions the tooth-ache.

The importance of teeth is commensurate with that of mastication, which they were created to subserve. Without the former, the latter would be exceedingly incomplete, and the food, imperfectly crushed and salivated, would be poorly prepared for digestion. Hence every missing tooth increases the labors of the stomach, and thus tends to break it down. Viewed in this, its true light, every tooth in every young person's head, is worth more to them than a thousand dollars, because, by promoting that important function, digestion, it enhances life, compared with the value of which dollars are trash. The loss of the first tooth is therefore most unfortunate, and of every succeeding one and still more so in a compound ratio for every subsequent one; because portions of the food, instead of being crushed, are crowded down into the cavity, and escape uncrushed and unsalivated into the stomach; and the more teeth you lose the more pains should you take to chew with what remains.

more,

Decaying teeth are still more injurious, because they often prevent the use of one entire side of the mouth, besides engendering putrid matter which continually oozes into the mouth, vitiates its glands, escapes into the stomach, and poisons the whole system.

A still greater evil is inflicted on the nervous system. Every tooth has its nerve, which connects with the entire nervous tissue, so that when the nerve of any tooth becomes inflamed it propagates that inflammation, and irritates all the nerves and brain, the evils of which have already been pointed out. Their decay should therefore be prevented as far as possible, and when it occurs, promptly arrested.

This is rendered practicable and easy by the great improvements to which modern inventions have carried dental surgery. All should watch their teeth closely, and arrest incipient decay by having the decayed portions removed, and the cavity filled with gold-leaf; or, if decay has progressed too far, by extracting decayed teeth, and inserting artificial ones in their stead. Almost all teeth, taken in season, can be SAVED by judicious plugging, and that painful customer, the tooth-ache, measurably prevented.

Yet patients cannot be too careful to whom they commit their teeth. From every operation performed on his teeth, by Drs. Candee, Burdell, White, and Chase, the author has derived signal benefit, yet he has seen good teeth completely ruined by dental quacks. Let your dentists be first JUDICIOUS, next ingenious, and lastly thorough.

But teeth should never be allowed to decay, nor never need to. They were never made to rot, and they decay only in consequence of having been abused. See what pains the Deity has taken to secure their preservation. In Indians, however old, they are rarely lost or decayed. Their perpetual and outrageous ABUSE is the parent of their enormous defection in civilized life, especially in us Americans.

Stomatic difficulties and the suicidal consumption of such destructive quantities of calomel constitute one prolific cause To preserve the teeth unimpaired, preserve the STOMACH. Next ATTEND to them. A residuum called tartar collects around and between them, which inflames the gums, detaches the muscles which hold them in their places, and causes decay. Have this tartar

removed, and to prevent its re-accumulation, keep them clean by washing them daily-after each meal is better-in cold water. This will also keep the mouth healthy and thus greatly improve the stomach. When the gums are inflamed, draw your brush across Castile soap often while washing, and frequently rinse the mouth out with cold water. This is especially important when the gums are tender or bleed easily, and if this operation is painful at first, it will soon diminish their susceptibility.

Hot drinks are especially injurious to both gums and teeth, and the alternation of hot and cold drinks still more so, besides often causing them to crack. Cows fed on hay, and given cold water, rarely have decayed teeth, whereas those fed on warm still-slops generally have diseased teeth and gums. The contrast between the two is well represented in the accompanying engravings.

These are no caricatures, but are copied from life. Incalculable dental injury necessarily results from hot tea and coffee. If they must be drank, take them cold, and at the end of the meal.

Candies are also exceedingly detrimental to the teeth, as is evinced by their often producing the tooth-ache. So is eating sour and sweet things in quick succession.