Neutrons, X-rays and Light: Scattering Methods Applied to Soft Condensed MatterP. Lindner, Th. Zemb Scattering experiments, using X-ray, light and neutron sources (in historical order) are key techniques for studying structure and dynamics in systems containing colliods, polymers, surfactants and biological macromolecules, summarized here as soft condensed matter. The education in this field in Europe is very heterogeneous and frequently inadequate, which severely limits an efficient use of these methods, especially at large-scale facilities. The series of "Bombannes" schools and the completely revised and updated second edition of the lecture notes are devoted to a practical approach to current methodology of static and dynamic techiques. Basic information on data interpretation, on the complementarity of the different types of radiation, as well as information on recent applications and developments is presented. The aim is to avoid over - as well as under-exploitation of data. |
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Page 20
... constant of the medium . If we define ε to be the average dielectric constant of the liquid , Eq . ( A1 ) can be written in the more useful form - ε ( r , t ) — ε0 = [ εp ( r , t ) −εL ] + ( EL − Ɛ0 ) + [ εL ( r , t ) - EL ] + ( EL ...
... constant of the medium . If we define ε to be the average dielectric constant of the liquid , Eq . ( A1 ) can be written in the more useful form - ε ( r , t ) — ε0 = [ εp ( r , t ) −εL ] + ( EL − Ɛ0 ) + [ εL ( r , t ) - EL ] + ( EL ...
Page 211
P. Lindner, Th. Zemb. The ' free - particle ' diffusion constant is given by the Stokes - Einstein equation , Do = KBT σπηλ ( 30 ) where kB is Boltzmann's constant , T the temperature , n the viscosity of the liquid , and R the particles ...
P. Lindner, Th. Zemb. The ' free - particle ' diffusion constant is given by the Stokes - Einstein equation , Do = KBT σπηλ ( 30 ) where kB is Boltzmann's constant , T the temperature , n the viscosity of the liquid , and R the particles ...
Page 425
... constant velocity v , due to the action of a constant external force ( cf. Fig . 1 ) . In the case of the plane Couette flow the transverse ( shear ) gradient ỷ can be written as : = Vx d = const ( 1 ) where d is the distance between ...
... constant velocity v , due to the action of a constant external force ( cf. Fig . 1 ) . In the case of the plane Couette flow the transverse ( shear ) gradient ỷ can be written as : = Vx d = const ( 1 ) where d is the distance between ...
Contents
P N Pusey | 4 |
Shapes and Interactions | 12 |
Experimental Aspects Initial Data Reduction | 23 |
Copyright | |
18 other sections not shown
Common terms and phrases
amplitude Appl approximation average beam calculated cell Chem coefficients collimation colloidal concentration constant contrast variation correlation function corresponding Cryst crystals curvature cylinder dependence detector deuterated differential scattering cross-section dilute distance droplets dynamic light scattering effects fluctuations form factor Fourier transform Gaussian Glatter Guinier homogeneous incoherent scattering instrument interactions lamellar Lindner Macromolecules measured method micelles microemulsion microstructure molar mass molecular molecules monomers multiple scattering neutron scattering obtained optical parameter particles PDDF peak Pedersen phase photons Phys plot polydisperse polymer Porod radiation radius of gyration random walk range refractive index regime sample SAXS scattered intensity scattering angle scattering curve scattering experiments scattering function scattering length scattering length density scattering vector Schurtenberger shear shown in Fig simulations small-angle scattering solution solvent spheres spherical static light scattering structure factor surface surfactant suspension technique temperature thickness volume fraction wavelength X-ray Zemb ΦΩ