Metals and Materials: Science, Processes, ApplicationsMetals and Materials: Science, Processes, Applications aims to present the science of materials in a readable and concise form that leads naturally to an explanation of the ways in which materials are processed and applied. The science of metals, or physical metallurgy, has developed naturally into the wider and more diverse discipline of materials science. The study of metals and alloys still forms a large and important part of this relatively new discipline, but it’s common to find that fundamental principles and concepts of physical metallurgy can be adapted to explain the behavior of a variety of non-metallic materials. As an aid to fully study this discipline, each chapter has been supplemented with a list of specialized references. These references include images and diagrams that illustrate the subtleties of materials, such as micrographs of grain structures and fine-scale defects, phase diagrams for metals and ceramics, electron diffraction patterns revealing atomic arrangements, specific property diagrams correlating the behavior of different materials, and slip vector diagrams for deforming crystals. Throughout this book, sufficient background and theory is provided to assist students in answering questions about a large part of a typical degree course in materials science and engineering. Some sections provide a background or point of entry for postgraduate studies and courses. |
Contents
1 | |
11 | |
their formation and transitions | 43 |
Chapter 4 Defects in solids | 87 |
Chapter 5 The characterization of materials | 130 |
Chapter 6 The physical properties of materials | 175 |
Chapter 7 Mechanical behaviour of materials | 206 |
Chapter 8 Strengthening and toughening | 271 |
Chapter 9 Modern alloy developments | 311 |
Chapter 10 Ceramics and glasses | 335 |
Chapter 11 Plastics and composites | 368 |
Chapter 12 Corrosion and surface engineering | 395 |
Appendices | 414 |
418 | |
421 | |
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Common terms and phrases
addition alloys aluminium applied atoms beam becomes behaviour bonding carbon cations ceramics chemical components composition concentration constant containing cooling copper crack creep crystal curve decreases defects deformation depends developed diagram diffraction diffusion direction dislocation effect electrical electrons elements energy engineering equation example fault fibres field force formation fracture give given glass grain boundary growth hardening heat higher important increases indicates ions known lattice layer limited liquid loops lower materials matrix mechanical melt metals method nucleation observed occurs orientation oxide particles phase plane plastic polymers possible precipitate produced properties range ratio reaction reduced regions relatively resistance result shear shown in Figure shows silicon slip solid solution specimen stacking stage steels strain strength stress structure surface temperature tensile thermal tion transformation twinning unit usually vacancies volume yield zone