except in the Prefent Participle; as, to cry,cries,crieth, cried. Prefent Participle, crying.

25. When the Verb ends in e, the e is to be omitted in the present Participle; as, love, loving. From this rule are excepted the Verbs to finge and to fwinge, which retain the e: as, fingeing, fwingeing, that their Participles may be diftinguished from finging, and Swinging, the Participles of the Verbs to fing, and to Jwing.

26. When the Verb ends in ie, the i is to be changed intoy in the Prefent Participle; as, die, dying, &c. 27. The conjugation of Verbs is reprefented in an abridged form, confifting of the first perfons of the Present and Imperfect Tenfes the Indicative Mood, and the Perfect Participle; as, love, loved, loved. Write, wrote, written. This may be called the abridged conjugation of a Verb, because it directs us in the formation of all the Moods and Tenfes, and determines the nature of the Verb.

28. AUXILIARY VERBS. Auxiliary Verbs are fo called because they affift in conjugating Verbs. The chief Auxiliaries are to have and to be, which are complete Verbs. The other Auxiliaries are, do, fhall, will,can,muft,may, and let, which are Defective Verbs, that is, want fome of their Moods and Tenfes : They may be seen in the lift of Irregular Verbs. The Verb to be is conjugated in the definitive Conjugation. The Verb to have is conjugated as follows:

Had.

INDICATIVE MODE.
Singular,

I have.

Thou haft.

He, fhe, or it hath, or has. They have,

I had.

Thou hadf.
He had.

Had.

Pref. Tenfe.
Plural.

We have.

Ye or you have.

Imperfect Tenfe.

We bad.

Ye or

you had.

They had.

I have had.

Perfect Tenfe.

We have had.

Ifball or will have had.
Thou haltorwilt have had.
Hefball or will have had.

We fhall or will have had.
Teor you fhallor will have had.
They fhall or will have had.

IMPERATIVE MOOD.

Have or have thou.

Have or have ye or you.

POTENTIAL MOOD. Pref. Tenfe.

I muft, may, or can have.
Thou muft, mayft, or canft
have.
He muft,may,or can have.
Imperfect
I might, could, should, or
would have.
Thou mighteft, couldft,
fhouldft, or wouldst have.
He might, could, fhould,or
would have.

Perfect I must, may, or can have bad.

Thou must, mayft, or canft
have had.
He must, may,or can have
bad.

We muft,may,or can have.
Yeor you muft, may,or can

have.
They muft,may,orcan have,
Tenfe.
We might,could, fhould, or
would have.
Ye or you might, could,
fhould, or would have.
They might, could, fhould,

or would have.

Tenfe.

We muft,may, or can have
bad.

Yeor you must, may, or can
have had.
They muft,may,or can have

had.

Tense.

We might,could, should, or
would have had.
Te or you might,could, fhould,
or would have had.

He might, could, fhould, or They might, could, fhould, or would have had.

would have had.

INFINITIVE MOOD.

Prefent Tense, to have.

Perfect Tenfe,to have had. PARTICIPLES.

Pref. Participle, having. Perfect Participle, had. Paf. Participle,having had

The Subjunctive Mood in all Verbs, except in the Prefent and Imperfect Tenfes of the Verb to be,is the fame as the Indicative or Potential Mood, except that it never changes its termination; as, If I had; if thou had; if he had; if we had; if ye or you had; if they bad. Or, omitting the Conjunction; had I; had thou; had he; had we; had ye or you; had they.

29. REG. and IRREG. VERBS. Regular Verbs are fuch as form their Imperfect Tenfe and Perfect Participle, by adding d or ed to the Prefent Tenfe; as, call, called, called; love, loved, loved.

30. Irregular Verbs are fuch as do not form their Imperfect Tenfe and Perfect Participle,by the addition of dored. Ex.Am,was,been. Write,wrote,written. 31. Regular and Irregular Verbs are conjugated fo nearly alike, that the fame example may serve for both. The Irregular Verb to choose, conjugated in the Indefinite Conjugation :

Choose,

chose,

chofen.
INDICATIVE MÕÕD. Pref. Tenfe.
TIVE
I choofe or do choose.
Thou choofeftordoft choose.
He choofes,choofeth,doth or
does choose.
I chofe or did choose.
Thou chofeft or didft choofe.
He chofe or did choofe.

We choofe or do choose.
Yeor you choofeor do choose.
They choose or do choose.
Tenfe.

Imperfect

Perfect

We chofe or did choofe.
Yeor you chofe or did choofe.
They chofe or did choose.
Tense.

We have chofen.

Ye or you have chofen.

They have chofen.

Pluperfect

Tenfe.

We had chofen.

Ifball or will have chofen. Thou shalt or wilt have chofen.

We fhallor will have chofen
Ye or you shall or will have
chofen.

He fhallorwill have chofen. Theyballorwillhave chofen
IMPERATIVE MOOD.

Choofe or do thou choose. Choose yeoryou,ordo you choose.
POTENTIAL MOOD. Pref. Tenfe.

I muft, may, or can choose. We muft,may,orcan choose.
Thou must, mayft, or canft
choose,
He must,may,or can choose.

Ye or you must,may, or can
choofe.
Theymuft,may,oxcan choose

Imperfect Tense.

I might, could, should, or
would choofe.
Thou mighteft, couldft,
fhouldft,or wouldft choose.
He might, could, fhould, or
would choose.

Perfect
I muf, may, or can have
chofen.
Thou must, mayft, or canst
bave chofen.

He muft,may, or can have chofen.

Pluperfect

I might, could, fhould, or
would have chofen.
Thou mighteft,couldft,houldft,
or wouldft have chofen.
He might, could, fhould, or
would have chofen.

We might, could,should, or
would choofe.
Yeoryou might,could,fhould
or would choofe.
They might, could, fbould,
or would choose.

Tense.

We muft, may,or can have
chofen.

Ye or you must,may or can
have chofen.
They must, may, or can
have chofen.
Tense.
We might,could, fhould, or
would have chofen.
Ye or you might,could, bould,
or would have chofen.
They might, could, should,
or would have chofen.

1

INFINITIVE MOOD.

Prefent Tenfe, to choofe. Perf. Tense,to bave chofen. PARTICIPLES.

Pref. Participle, choofing. Perf. Participles, chofen. Paff. Part. having choofen.

32. The definite conjugation is formed by adding the Prefent Participle of the Active or Neuter Verb to the Auxiliary Verb to be; as, to be calling; to bè choofing. It is called the definite conjugation, be cause it marks time with greater precifion than the Indefinite Conjugation.

The Verb to choose conjugated in the definite Conjugation:

INDICATIVE MOOD. Pref. Tenfe.

*The author is not fingular in fuppofing two Conjugations of Verbs, the Definite and Indefinite; a divifion, into which English Verbs pat urally fall. Mr. Harris, in his Treatise of Univerfal Grammar, has precifely marked this diftinction, by dividing time into Definite and Indefinite thus, I write; I am writing. The former he (pecifies as an in ftance of the Indefinite Prefent Time; the latter as an inftance of the Definite....The fame diftinction has been noted by Bishop Lowth.